management activity

Abstract. The article examines the issue of performance evaluation civil servants in the context of improving the civil service. It is emphasized that the evaluation of civil servants is an important element in management process which ensures transparency, accountability and compliance the official duties performance with the established standards. At the same time, an effective evaluation system should take into account current challenges and trends, including digitalization, increasing demands on the quality of services, and the need to adapt to changes in society.

The article examines the nature, essence and socio-historical dependency of human thought. The value, features and functions of thinking in management are discovered. The necessity to create typology of thinking is justified. Modern theoretical approaches are overviewed and criteria for classification of the types of thinking are singled out. The types of thinking are classified.  The essence, scope, advantages and disadvantages of practical application of each type of thinking are discovered.