Annual climate conferences draw public attention to the urgent need to ecologize CO2-neutral fuel systems and recognize that global temperature increases must be limited to less than 2 °C to avoid dangerous climate change. Based on the projections of the International Panel on Climate Change, it is now widely accepted that in order to stay within this temperature range, CO2 emissions need to be reduced by 80% by 2050.
The values of the highest heat of combustion for the dry ashless state of combustion of 35 samples of vegetable raw materials and 35 charcoal were determined. The need for calculating indicators of their technical and elemental analysis was established. Mathematical and graphical relationships between the actual and estimated values of the highest heat of combustion of plant raw materials for the production of biogas and charcoal were developed. A statistical analysis of the dependence data was performed.
The influence of the production conditions for rapeseed and soybean oils obtained by extraction in the system “solid – liquid” on the qualitative composition of the obtained vegetable oils has been studied.
The mechanism and kinetics of the target components extraction from mineral raw materials (sulfur from sulfur ore by tetrachlorethylene, Al2O3 from bauxite specs by NaOH, copper from ore and malachite by hydrochloric acid), as well as vegetable oils (from amaranth, amaranth hybrid and сamelina by organic solvents) have been studied. Experimental studies to confirm the diffusive nature of the target components extraction from mineral sources have been conducted. Diffusion coefficients for mineral samples have been obtained.
The article presents results of experimental data of a study of the extraction process of vegetable oil from soybean and rapeseed in a stationary layer, held using a Soxhlet apparatus. Polar solvents such as methylene chloride and ethanol were used as the extractants. The influence of the grinding degree of the particles of vegetable raw material on the oil yield were investigated. Solvents’ nature impact on the efficiency of the processis established. The results of quantitative analysis are presented in the form of graphical dependencies with the presence of basic process parameters.