Attempts to analyse measures taken by the governments of Ukraine, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in struggle against the COVID-19 pandemic are made. Some issues of the current legislation, which were introduced under new circumstances in above-mentioned states are raised in the article. Most countries of the world were not ready for the changes in the objective legal reality which should have occurred in view of the need to combat the pandemic. The existing legal framework has not been sufficient to respond quickly to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 infection. Due to this the Government of Ukraine has recently adopted a number of decisions aimed at creating a unified state position in the fight against the pandemic. From March 2020 to the present, Ukrainian authorities by using the method of “trial and error” at the national level have introduced in practice the full lockdown, the so-called adaptive quarantine and “the weekend quarantine”. Different federal subjects of the Russian Federation have developed and continue to develop different practices of implementing measures to combat the pandemic. As in Ukraine, since spring of 2020 in most of the subjects of the Russian Federation the restrictive measures which (depending on the epidemiological situation in each region) could both increase and decrease were introduced by the relevant regulations. However, the position of Belarus, which has been adopted and implemented since the beginning of the pandemic, was radically different from those that has been applied in most countries of the world. The government of Belarus did not apply almost any anti epidemic restrictions. The decisions that have been made in the past and will be made by governments in the future waves of the pandemic will break new ground for the new scientific researches and will ultimately allow to make a comprehensive assessment of the actions taken during the period under review.
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VOZ: lokdaun v RF mozhno ne vvodit pri soblyudenii mer predostorozhnosti [lockdown in the Russian Federation can be avoided if precautions are taken]. URL: https://regnum.ru/news/society/3128411.html. 6. Efremova M. A., Nikiforova A. A., Shutova A. A. Transformatsiya rossiyskogo administrativnogo i ugolovnogo zakonodatelstva v usloviyah rasprostraneniya novoy koronavirusnoy infektsii (Covid-19) [Transformation of Russian administrative and criminal legislation in the context of the spread of a new coronavirus infection (Covid-19)]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/transformatsiya-rossiyskogo-administra.... 7. Zhitelyam Moskvyi prisvoyat QR-kodyi, kotoryie budut ispolzovat kak propuska dlya vyihoda iz doma [Residents of Moscow will be assigned QR codes that will be used as passes to leave the house]. URL: https://www.google.com.ua/amp/s/meduza.io/amp/feature/2020/03/29/v-moskv.... 8. Z 22 travnia do 22 chervnia bude “adaptyvnyi karantyn” – Kabmin [From 22 to 22 worms will be “adaptive quarantine”]. URL: https://www.google.com.ua/amp/s/www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/05/20/ 7252444/index.amp. 9. Zvernennia Hlavy derzhavy shchodo protydii koronavirusu [Viciousness of the Head of the State against the coronavirus]. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/news/zvernennya-glavi-derzhavi-shodo-protid.... 10.Izbyitochnaya smertnost v Rossii s nachala pandemii sostavila 120 tyisyach chelovek [The excess mortality in Russia since the beginning of the pandemic has amounted to 120 thousand people] Eto v chetyire raza prevyishaet dannyie operativnogo shtaba o kolichestve smertey ot kovida. URL: https://meduza.io/feature/2020/11/23/izbytochnaya-smertnost-v-rossii-s-n.... 11. Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy. Rozporiadzhennia vid 14 bereznia 2020 r. [Ordering from 14 birch 2020 r]. № 287-r Kyiv Pro tymchasove obmezhennia peretynannia derzhavnoho kordonu, spriamovane na zapobihannia poshyrenniu na terytorii Ukrainy hostroi respiratornoi khvoroby COVID-19, sprychynenoi koronavirusom SARS-CoV-2. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-timchasove-obmezhennya-peretinannya-derz.... 12. Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy. Rozporiadzhennia vid 25 bereznia 2020 r. [Ordering from 25 birch 2020 r] № 338-r Kyiv Pro perevedennia yedynoi derzhavnoi systemy tsyvilnoho zakhystu u rezhym nadzvychainoi sytuatsii. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-perevedennya-yedinoyi-derzhavnoyi-sistem.... 13. Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy. Postanova vid 02 kvitnia 2020 r. [Resolution from 02 April 2020 r.]. № 255 Kyiv Pro vnesennia zmin do postanovy Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 11 bereznia 2020 r. № 211. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-vnesennya-zmin-do-postanovi-kabinetu-min... bereznya-2020-r-211. 14.Karantyn prodovzheno do 22 travnia, ale z 11 travnia bude skasovano chastynu obmezhen [The quarantine has been extended to 22 days, and from 11 months, a part of the obmezheni will be channeled]. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/karantin-prodovzheno-do-22-travnya-ale-z-11-.... 15. Lukashenko: belorusskoe gosudarstvo sostoyalos, imeet politicheskiy ves i sereznyiy ekonomicheskiy potentsial [the Belarusian state has taken place, has political weight and serious economic potential]. URL: https://www.belta.by/president/view/lukashenko-belorusskoe-gosudarstvo-s.... 16. Maksym Stepanov dav roziasnennia shchodo polozhen ta pravyl dii adaptyvnoho karantynu v kraini [Maksim Stepanov has given a clear picture of the rules for adaptive quarantine in the country]. URL: https://moz.gov.ua/article/news/maksim-stepanov-dav-rozjasnennja-schodo-.... 17. Osobyiy rezhim peredvizheniya iz-za pandemii vvel kazhdyiy vtoroy region Rossii [Every second region of Russia has introduced a special travel regime due to the pandemic]. URL: https://www.google.com.ua/amp/s/tass.ru/obschestvo/8299965/amp. 18. Plenum Verkhovnoho sudu prosyt KSU pereviryty konstytutsiinist vstanovlenykh na chas karantynu obmezhen prav i svobod hromadian [The plenum of the Supreme Court to ask the Constitutional Court of Ukraine to reconsider the constitutional quarantine imposed for an hour on the rights and freedoms of the community]. URL: https://www.google.com.ua/amp/s/www.radiosvoboda.org/amp/news-koronaviru.... 19. Pochemu v Belarusi ne prinimayut zhestkih mer v borbe s koronavirusom [Why Belarus is not taking tough measures in the fight against coronavirus]. URL: https://m.dw.com/ru/почему-в-беларуси-не-принимаютжестких-мер-в-борьбе-с-коронавирусом/a-52953465 20. Poetapnoe snyatie ogranicheniy v regionah [Phased removal of restrictions in the regions]. URL: https://стопкоронавирус.рф/what-is-done/measures/poetapnoe_snyatie_ogranicheniy_v_r.html. 21. Stepanov ne proponuvatyme prodovzhennia karantynu vykhidnoho dnia [Stepanov will not be able to continue the quarantine of the weekend]. URL: https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/11/30/7275406/. 22. Try horishky vid Zelenskoho: yak prezydent proponuie riatuvaty ukrainskyi biznes [Three pots from Zelensky: how the president will proponate the Ukrainian business]. URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2020/11/27/668508/index.amp. 23. U RNBO kazhut, shcho lokdaun tochno bude. Ye dva varianty [The RNBO seems to have a lockdown for sure. Є two options]. URL: https://www.google.com.ua/amp/s/www.bbc.com/ukrainian/news-55134273.amp?.... 24. Uriad zaprovadyv karantyn vykhidnoho dnia (onovleno) [The Government has introduced a day off quarantine (updated).]. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/uryad-zaprovadiv-karantin-vihidnogo-dnya-ono.... 25. Uriad pryiniav rishennia pro zaboronu pasazhyrskykh perevezen ta obmezhyv kilkist uchasnykiv masovykh zakhodiv 10 osobamy [The Government decided to ban passenger traffic and limited the number of participants in mass events to 10]. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/uryad-prijnyav-rishennya-pro-zaboronupasazhi.... 26. Uriad prodovzhyv karantyn do 11 travnia [The Government extended the quarantine until 11 May]. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/uryad-prodovzhiv-karantin-do-11-travnya. 27. Tsena eksperimenta. Chto proishodit v Shvetsii i Belarusi [The price of the experiment. What is happening in Sweden and Belarus]. URL: https://nv.ua/amp/koronavirus-v-belarusi-kak-spravlyaetsya-shveciyaposle.... 28.Ekspertyi VOZ, pribyivshie v Belarus, rekomenduyut vnedrit meryi fizicheskogo distantsirovaniya vvidu peredachi virusa COVID-19 vnutri mestnyih soobschestv [WHO experts arriving in Belarus recommend the introduction of physical distancing measures due to the transmission of the COVID-19 virus within local communities]. URL: https://www.euro.who.int/ru/countries/belarus/news/news/2020/4/who-exper.... 29. “Ya etot koronavirus nazyivayu ne inache kak psihozom i ot etogo nikogda ne otkazhus”. Lukashenko – o pandemii COVID-19 “ [I call this coronavirus nothing but psychosis and I will never give it up.” Lukashenko – about the COVID-19 pandemic.]. URL: https://meduza.io/news/2020/03/19/ya-etot-koronavirus-nazyvayu-ne-inache.... 30.Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19 [Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19.]. URL: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331511/Critical %20 preparedness %20readiness %20and %20response %20actions %20COVID-10 %202020-03-22_FINALeng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. 31.Russia’s Covid death toll could be 70 per cent higher than official figure [Russia’s Covid death toll could be 70 per cent higher than official figure]. URL: https://www.ft.com/content/77cd2cba-b0e2-4022-a265- e0a9a7930bda