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  4. An estimation accuracy of state observers under uncertain initial conditions

An estimation accuracy of state observers under uncertain initial conditions

MMC.
2019;
Volume 6, Number 2
: pp. 320–332
https://doi.org/10.23939/mmc2019.02.320
Received: September 23, 2019
Revised: October 03, 2019
Accepted: October 05, 2019

Mathematical Modeling and Computing, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 320–332 (2019)

Authors:
  1. Andriy Lozynskyy
  2. L. I. Demkiv
  3. V. V. Vantsevich
  4. T. V. Borovets
  5. D. J. Gorsich
1
Lviv Polytechnic National University
2
Lviv Polytechnic National University
3
University of Alabama at Birmingham
4
Lviv Polytechnic National University
5
US Army CCDC Ground Vehicle Systems Center, Warren, MI

A fast convergence speed of an observer helps improve the capability to track the states of a system for an arbitrary divergence between a real and an estimated initial conditions.  This property of the observers is significantly useful if a system has fast dynamics and its states change rapidly.  Thus, the convergence time is one of the main performance criteria of linear and non-linear state observers.

This article presents a comparative analysis of observers for both linear and nonlinear systems in terms of the time of convergence of the observers.  The following observers was chosen for this study: the Kalman filter (KF), extended Kalman filter (EKF), unscented Kalman filter (UKF), particle filter (PF), Luenberger observer (LO), and fuzzy-based Luenberger observer (Fuzzy-LO).  The listed observers were studied using a non-linear mathematical model of an open-link locomotion module, which movements were studied in stochastic terrain conditions.  The mathematical model was then simplified and simulated as a linear model with the purpose to estimate the efficiency of the linear observers.  The Fuzzy-LO with an adaptive gain to the estimation error gives better results than the LO, especially in steady states.  The PF with a simple Gaussian distribution provides a lower convergence speed than the KF, EKF, and UKF.  To faster the convergence of the PF, a novel approach, PF*, that utilizes mixture probability density function of the distribution of initial particles was introduced in the article.

estimation algorithms
state observers
state-space model
fuzzy logic
mixture distribution
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