Trends in the development of modern markets, such as the globalization, the growing importance of product quality, price and customer satisfaction, the increasing importance of sustainable relationships with consumers, the growing importance of the degree of application of new information and communication technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly influenced the development of new organizational forms of enterprise management. In this regard, the question of the impact of telecommuting on relationships and interpersonal networks within organizations has become relevant.
The aim of the article is to analyze the factors influencing to the creation and development of virtual organizations, as well as to identify types of virtual organizations. The research also covers a review of the main foreign and domestic virtual organizations.
The article considers the theoretical foundations, factors and they influencing on the formation of virtual organizations. The article analyzes the existing approaches to the definition of a virtual organization, highlights the main types of virtual structures, the main characteristics and advantages of a virtual organization, and also highlights the features characteristic of all types of virtual organizations. The features and main problems of managing virtual organizations are identified.
Virtual organization is the newest and potentially promising form of network structures, appeared and became widespread in the last decade. A virtual organization can flexibly change its configuration, where the strategic advantage of such a system provides sustainability and survival in a market economy, the ability of participants to provide flexibility and integration of resources, and the ability to quickly create virtual teams and virtual environments. However, the virtual organization has the same capabilities and potential as a traditional organization, but the virtual organization has not such institutional and structural boundaries.
1. Merkevicius J., Davidaviciene V., Raudeliuniene J., Buleca J. (2015) Virtual organization: Specifics of creation of personnel management system. E a m: Ekonomie a Management, Vol 18 # 4, pp. 200-211.
https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2015-4-014
2. Sokolovskyi S. A. (2017) Modeliuvannia innovatsiinoi diialnosti virtualnoho pidpryiemstva v umovakh informatsiinoi ekonomiky [Modeling innovation activities virtual enterprises in the information economy] Visnyk ekonomiky transportu i promyslovosti [The bulletin of transport and industry economics], # 57. pp. 120-128.
3. Rud N., Mokhnar M. (2016) Virtualni pidpryiemstva: sutnist ta dotsilnist vykorystannia v innovatsiinii diialnosti [Virtual enterprises: nature and feasibility of using in innovative activity] Ekonomichnyi forum [Economic forum], # 4, pp.197-207.
4. Khromov I.E. (2018) Osnovni vydy i kharakterystyky vyrtualnykh orhanyzatsii v jekonomitsi [Main types and characteristics of virtual organizations in economics] Jekonomyka i upravlenye narodnym khaziaistvom [Economy and federal management]. Voprosy ekonomiki i prava, vol 8 #122, pp. 95-99
5. Tymashova L. A. (2017) O problemakh sozdanyia i razvytyia vyrtualnykh system [About Problems of Creation and Development of the Virtual Systems]. Systemy keruvannia ta kompiutery [Control systems & computers], # 2, pp. 74-82
6. Peshkova H.Yu., Pylypenko Yu.A.( 2019) Aktualnost kompetentnostnoho podkhoda v upravlenyy vyrtualnymy orhanyzatsyiamy. [Relevance of competence approach in management of virtual organizations] Izvestyia Yuho-Zapadnoho hosudarstvennoho universyteta. Seriia Jekonomika. Sotsiolohiia. Menedzhment [Bulletin of the South-West State University. Series Economics. Sociology. Management], vol 9, #4, pp.27-32
7. Zahorna, T. O., & Tkachova, A. V. (2014) Virtualni orhanizatsii v umovakh informatsiinoi ekonomiky: spetsyfika diialnosti, konkurentni perevahy [ Virtual organizations in the information economy: the specifics of the activity, competitive advantages] Jekonomyka: realyy vremeny [Economics: time realities],vol 6, #16, pp. 138-135
8. Sentyabov Yu.N., Andreeva M.Yu. (2020) Otsenka stoymosty vyrtualnoi orhanyzatsyy kak osnova pryniatyia ynvestytsyonnoho reshenyia [Valuation of value of virtual organization as a basis for making an investment decision] Sovremennye nauchnye yssledovanyia: aktualnye teoryy y kontseptsyy: Materyaly Vserossyiskoi (natsyonalnoi) dystantsyonnoi nauchno-praktycheskoi konferentsyy [Modern scientific research: current theories and concepts: Materials of the All-Russian (national) remote scientific-practical conference], Saratov: FGBOU VO Saratov GAU, pp. 224-228
9. Puzyrova, P. V. (2019) Suchasni aspekty menedzhmentu virtualnykh pidpryiemstv [Modern aspects of virtual enterprise management] Stratehichni priorytety rozvytku ekonomiky, finansiv, obliku ta prava v Ukraini ta sviti : zbirnyk tez dopovidei mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii [Strategic priorities of economic development, finance, accounting and law in Ukraine and the world: a collection of abstracts of the international scientific-practical conference], Poltava: CFEND, pp. 33-34
10. Levin, D. Z., & Kurtzberg, T. R. (2020). Sustaining employee networks in the virtual workplace. MIT Sloan Management Review, vol 61, #4, pp. 13-15
11. Lepsinger Rick (2017) 3 Companies With High-Performing Virtual Teams. Retrieved from: https://www.bestpracticeinhr.com/3-companies-with-high-performing-virtua...
12. ОHIO university. Managing Virtual Teams Domestically And Internationally. Retrieved from: https://onlinemasters.ohio.edu/blog/managing-virtual-teams-domestically-...
13. KM Core. Retrieved from: http://www.kmcore.com/rum
14. Zhuravel A.I., Komarova K.V. (2017) Virtualni orhanizatsii v umovakh hlobalizatsii: rozvytok ta osoblyvosti upravlinnia [Virtual organizations in the conditions of globalization: development and features of governance] Retrieved from: http://www.spilnota.net.ua/ua/article/id-1734/