бітум

The work presents a new approach to the copolymerization and co-processing of industrial organochlorine waste (OCW) resulted in the production of vinyl chloride at Karpatnaftochim LLC, Kalush, Ukraine, and liquid wood pyrolysis products (LWPP) generated by the activated charcoal production at Perechyn Forestry and Chemical Plant, LLC. Kalush, Ukraine. This article highlights studies of the composition of the raw materials and the properties of the resulting products.

Three samples of bituminous material with different softening temperatures of 321, 332, and 356.4 K were obtained by the method of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The determination of the group hydrocarbon composition was carried out for the raw materials of the modification process (tar) and the resulting bitumens. An FTIR study of the obtained groups of hydrocarbons (oil, resins, and asphaltenes) was also carried out.

The oxidized bitumen produced at the Ukrainian refinery was modified with maleic anhydride. The process temperature was proved to have the most significant effect on modification. The chemical interaction of maleic anhydride with the components of oxidized bitumen was confirmed. At low temperatures (up to 403 K) the chemistry of the modification process is another than chemistry of the process carried out at high temperatures. The structures of the modified bitumen were established at different process temperatures (403, 423 and 443 K) using FTIR spectroscopy.

The possibility of effectively using carbazole as an improver of coumarone-indene resin for use as a modifier of petroleum bitumens is studied. All starting materials for the production of coumarone-indene-carbazole resin (CICR) were obtained from various products of the coal coking process. The influence of raw material composition (amount of carbazole added to an industrial indene-coumarone fraction) on resin yield and its modifying properties was studied.

The possibility of modification of BND 60/90 bitumen produced at JSC Ukrtatnafta (Kremenchuk, Ukraine) with maleic anhydride has been considered. The effect of maleic anhydride amount, process time and temperature on the operating characteristics of modified bitumen has been studied.

Aging peculiarities of paving bitumen, which was obtained by different ways, have been studied. Oxidized and residual bitumen produced from oils of Ukrainian deposits were used and the changes in the main characteristics of bitumen after 5 and 10 h of aging in a thin film at the temperature of 436 K have been determined and the processes occurred during the aging have been studied. Using infrared spectroscopy, the changes in the structural composition of the binder during aging have been analyzed.

The article is presenting a modification of bituminous binder with ecological epoxidized rapeseed oil (BERO) in the presence of the initiator (hardener). Adipic acid (AA), maleic anhydride (MA) and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) were used as the initiators. The effect of modification temperature and, as well as initiator nature, on the bitumen properties was determined. Bitumen modified with BERO was evaluated by the following indicators: softening temperature, penetration, ductility, and adhesion to the glass.

The properties of fine-grained asphalt concrete and its modified by bio based epoxy rape oil (BERO) form were studied. Rapeseed oil epoxide (ROE) obtained from renewable and ecological raw materials, rapeseed oil in a composition with initiators (hardeners) was used as a modifier. It was found that the introduction of BERO in the amount of 3% of the mass. allows to increase indicators of limit of durability of asphalt concrete at compression at a temperature of 20 ° C and 50 ° C.

The main regularities of the modification with a rubber crumb for bitumen produced from the residuals of crude oils of Ukrainian deposits have been studied. The thermal stability of the rubber crumb has been examined using the derivatograpgy. The mechanism of bitumen modification with the rubber crumb at low and high temperatures has been established. The influence of technological factors on the main quality indices of modified bitumen has been studied. The changes in the group composition of the original and modified bitumen were found.