екстракція

Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Toluene and Humic Acid Extract from Brown Coal

Lignite (brown coal) is a promising source of humic acids (HAs) and toluene-soluble extracts (bitumen "A"), which have applications as soil conditioners/biostimulants (HAs) and hydrophobic coatings or polymer additives (toluene extract). This study optimized their sequential extraction from Ukrainian lignite, evaluating yield trade-offs and structural properties. Four extraction variants were tested. Conventional toluene-first extraction (Variant 0) yielded the highest toluene extract (14.86 wt. %), but lower HAs (41.0 wt.

Obtaining Biologically Active Compounds by Extraction of Valerian Roots

An effective method of obtaining biologically active substances from plant raw materials without changing their optical isomerism is extraction. The investigation results of achieving equilibrium conditions for isovaleric acid extraction from valerian roots and rhizomes are presented. The effect of the isovaleric acid chemical structure and extractant nature on achieving equilibrium conditions is shown.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS

The peculiarity of solid bodies of organic origin, in contrast to solid bodies of mineral origin, is that their internal structure is characterized by the presence of two spaces - cellular and intercellular. Such bodies tend to swell upon contact with the extractant. The phenomenon of swelling, during extraction, is always accompanied by the dissolution of target substances contained in the cellular and intercellular space.

Physical and Mathematical Models of Target Component Extraction from Rectlinear Capillaries

The extraction of the solid component from the rectilinear capillary has been investigated. The presence of two extraction zones (convective and molecular diffusion) was confirmed. The effect of the system vacuumizing on the extraction rate has been studied. The convection zone during vacuumizing was found to be increased due to the appearance of the vapor phase bubbles. The mass transfer coefficients for the convective zone have been determined.

Оbtaining isovaleric acid extraction from plant raw material

The paper presents a mathematical description of the process of obtaining isovaleric acid by the method of extraction of roots and rhizomes of valerian, taking into account its chemical structure and the nature of the extractant. The traditional case of the extraction process, the straight line of equilibrium in the case of using an aqueous alcohol solution as an extractant and the unconventional case of using desalinated water as an extractant, which is represented by a convex equilibrium line, is substantiated.

Determination of qualitative characteristics of soybean and rapeseed oil by infrared spectroscopy

The article presents results of the study of soybean and rapeseed vegetable oils’ qualitative composition dependence on the degree of raw materials grinding obtained by extraction in a stationary layer in a Soxhlet apparatus using methylene chloride as a solvent. A number of experiments were performed to determine the optical properties of oil by infrared spectroscopy. The absorption spectra for different oil samples are present in the article. The obtained results were compared with previous refractometric and UV-Vis spectroscopy studies.

Research of grinding degree influence and polar solvents nature on the efficiency of oil withdrawal from vegetable raw material using extraction method.

The article presents results of experimental data of a study of the extraction process of vegetable oil from soybean and rapeseed in a stationary layer, held using a Soxhlet apparatus. Polar solvents such as methylene chloride and ethanol were used as the extractants. The influence of the grinding degree of the particles of vegetable raw material on the oil yield were investigated. Solvents’ nature impact on the efficiency of the processis established. The results of quantitative analysis are presented in the form of graphical dependencies with the presence of basic process parameters.

PROBLEM OF DISPOSAL OF ORGANOCHLORINE WASTE OF VINYL CHLORIDE PRODUCTION

The sources of organochlorine waste formation, its toxicity, and environmental impact are analyzed, and methods of its disposal are considered. The composition of insoluble compounds in the stillage residues of the dichloroethane rectification stage before incineration is determined, and the method of their extraction is proposed.

Kinetics of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanin from Purple Roselle Calyces under different pH Conditions

This research presents that the higher temperature results on higher extracted anthocyanin. In addition, it was found that pH 2 was preferable for obtaining greater anthocyanin content. Employing the second-order kinetics model in this research confirmed the good fitting of the model and experimental data.