екстракція

The peculiarity of solid bodies of organic origin, in contrast to solid bodies of mineral origin, is that their internal structure is characterized by the presence of two spaces - cellular and intercellular. Such bodies tend to swell upon contact with the extractant. The phenomenon of swelling, during extraction, is always accompanied by the dissolution of target substances contained in the cellular and intercellular space.

The extraction of the solid component from the rectilinear capillary has been investigated. The presence of two extraction zones (convective and molecular diffusion) was confirmed. The effect of the system vacuumizing on the extraction rate has been studied. The convection zone during vacuumizing was found to be increased due to the appearance of the vapor phase bubbles. The mass transfer coefficients for the convective zone have been determined.

The influence of the production conditions for rapeseed and soybean oils obtained by extraction in the system “solid – liquid” on the qualitative composition of the obtained vegetable oils has been studied.

The paper presents a mathematical description of the process of obtaining isovaleric acid by the method of extraction of roots and rhizomes of valerian, taking into account its chemical structure and the nature of the extractant. The traditional case of the extraction process, the straight line of equilibrium in the case of using an aqueous alcohol solution as an extractant and the unconventional case of using desalinated water as an extractant, which is represented by a convex equilibrium line, is substantiated.

The article presents results of the study of soybean and rapeseed vegetable oils’ qualitative composition dependence on the degree of raw materials grinding obtained by extraction in a stationary layer in a Soxhlet apparatus using methylene chloride as a solvent. A number of experiments were performed to determine the optical properties of oil by infrared spectroscopy. The absorption spectra for different oil samples are present in the article. The obtained results were compared with previous refractometric and UV-Vis spectroscopy studies.

The article presents results of experimental data of a study of the extraction process of vegetable oil from soybean and rapeseed in a stationary layer, held using a Soxhlet apparatus. Polar solvents such as methylene chloride and ethanol were used as the extractants. The influence of the grinding degree of the particles of vegetable raw material on the oil yield were investigated. Solvents’ nature impact on the efficiency of the processis established. The results of quantitative analysis are presented in the form of graphical dependencies with the presence of basic process parameters.

The sources of organochlorine waste formation, its toxicity, and environmental impact are analyzed, and methods of its disposal are considered. The composition of insoluble compounds in the stillage residues of the dichloroethane rectification stage before incineration is determined, and the method of their extraction is proposed.

This research presents that the higher temperature results on higher extracted anthocyanin. In addition, it was found that pH 2 was preferable for obtaining greater anthocyanin content. Employing the second-order kinetics model in this research confirmed the good fitting of the model and experimental data.

Extraction of glucomannan from crude porang flour by acid hydrolysis and ethanol precipitation was studied. Effects of acid concentration, temperatures and time were investigated, kinetics model of the process was developed and the parameters were evaluated based on experimental data. New data on yield and purity of glucomannan under various conditions were obtained.

The processing of corn grain allows getting starch, roughage, oil and proteins. Corn gluten is a valuable product that is obtained from corn processing to starch and molasses.  It is a pure protein that it has excellent nutritional properties. Corn gluten is not as widely used as wheat gluten. It’s mainly used for feeding farm animals and poultry, and has a short shelf life. The secondary processing of corn gluten is relevant. Besides solution of a number of environmental problems we can get a number of important products such as zein and fat-carotenoid fraction.