heavy oil

Viscosity-temperature properties of high-viscosity oils from 3 wells of the Yablunovsky field (Poltava region, Ukraine) were studied using a rotary viscometer. According to the nature of the curves of the dependence of dynamic viscosity and shear stress on the shear rate, the nature of the flow of these oils is established, which is of practical importance for effect evaluating of various methods of action on the rheological behavior of these oils during their extraction and transportation.

The current problem of the production and processing of heavy high-viscosity oils in Ukraine and the world has been considered. It has been established that the main reserves of heavy high-viscosity crude oils in the world are located in South and North America, in the Middle East, as well as in Ukraine in the eastern regions. An analysis of various classifications of heavy high-viscosity oils, which are used both in Ukraine and in the world, was carried out. The main extraction methods of heavy high-viscosity oils were considered, in particular, quarry, mine, and well extraction methods.

High-viscosity crude oils from the Yablunivske field (Ukraine, Poltava region) have been studied. The oils were diluted with gas condensate to reduce viscosity, and then various demulsifiers were added. It was established that it is expedient to dilute oil with heavy gas condensate and dehydrate it with PM-1441 brand A non-ionogenic demulsifier, based on block copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxides. The dewatering degree was found to be 95 %.

Crude oils of the Yablunivsky deposit (Poltava region, Ukraine) have been studied in order to choose further ways of their processing. The fractional composition was studied by the method of simulated distillation. The structural and mechanical properties of petroleum products, the content of metals and the elemental composition were determined. Studies have shown that oils are of high-sulfur heavy grade, without light distillates; they have high density, viscosity, and large amounts of metals. A flow chart for the processing of such oils has been proposed.

The article presents the experimental results regarding the properties of oils from Yablunivske deposit, Poltava region, Ukraine. The obtained data allows to choose further possible processing. The crude oil was fractionated through siulation distillation, the main physico-chemical characteristics, structural and mechanical properties, as well as metals content andf elemental composition were determined. The oils under study were found to be extra-heave high-sulfuric oils, without light distillates; their density, viscosity and metal contents are high.

Mass spectrometry was used to characterize isotropic and anisotropic pitches as well as the parent heavy petroleum oil in order to investigate the molecular mass distributions (MMD) and changes during the heat treatment process. Sample preparation and matrix choice have a strong influence on MMD and results confirmed the oligomeric nature and the increasing molecular sizes as heat treatment proceeds.