logistics

The article examines the theoretical and practical foundations of developing a system for optimizing import activity within enterprises. The essence of the definition ‘optimization of import activity’ is defined as a process aimed at improving the management of foreign economic operations in order to minimize costs, enhance efficiency, adaptability, and competitiveness under conditions of global market transformation.

In modern conditions of globalization and environmental challenges, the greening of enterprise activities, in particular in the areas of trade and logistics, is of particular importance. This article reveals the essence of the ecological characteristics of trade and logistics enterprises as important business entities that have a significant impact on the environment.

Modern logistics monitoring solutions increasingly depend on the integration of IoT devices for real-time data collection, shipment tracking, goods and vehicle monitoring, and informed decision- making. However, current IoT-based logistics systems face significant challenges, including complex data management, limited interoperability among stakeholders, and inefficiencies resulting from centralized control mechanisms.

In today’s environment of globalisation and integration of world markets, effective management of import processes is critical for both government agencies and individual enterprises. The article discusses graphical methods that can be used to describe and analyse import processes with a view to their further optimisation. Particular attention is paid to grid modelling as an effective method of visualisation and management of import processes. A literature review is carried out and the effectiveness of using grid models in logistics processes is proved.

Ukraine currently has an imperfect system for the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste (MSW). This system needs to be improved and constantly adapted to the increasing volumes and types of household waste due to the growth of the urban population, improved welfare and changes in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors. The article identifies the peculiarities of Ukraine's environmental policy in the context of the European integration process.

Ukraine and the world face the task of creating an effective system of green logistics that will help reduce the negative impact on the environment and support sustainable development. This task requires innovative solutions.

The integration of artificial intelligence into the logistics industry is a rapidly evolving field with the potential to revolutionize the way goods are transported and managed. Artificial intelligence can be used to optimize a wide range of logistics processes, from demand forecasting and route planning to warehouse management and customer service. However, the integration of artificial intelligence also raises a number of technical and ethical issues that need to be addressed to ensure its successful implementation.

The global dynamics of e-commerce development are analyzed. The main drivers of е-сommerce development, in particular: ease of access to the Internet, development of social networks, increased competition, increased consumer expectations are identified. The current state and features of the development of е-сommerce in Ukraine have been studied and summarized. Consumer priorities when buying online were identified: saving money, proof of availability of the necessary product, saving time, ease of choice, security, etc.

The railway transport system in Ukraine stands as a pivotal sector within the nation's transportation infrastructure, accounting for a substantial portion of freight and passenger movement compared to domestic alternative modes of transportation. With direct border connections and collaboration with railways in Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Hungary, Ukrzaliznytsia JSC facilitate operations through forty international railway crossings.