забруднення.

Sediments can act as pollutant sink as well as source of secondary contamination in aquatic ecosystems. The pollution characteristics of eight heavy metals in the sediments of Ikwu River, Umuahia were investigated using eight assessment indices. The study was carried out between January and June 2022 in three stations. Results showed that cadmium exceeded permissible limit, copper exceeded limit only in February 2022 while others were within limits.

An analytical study of the impact of solids contained in the air of urban areas on human health was conducted. Based on the analysis of the database of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the emissions of substances into the atmosphere, it was established that the effects of solids on humans depend on particle diameter, morphological and physicochemical characteristics.

An analytical study of the impact of solids contained in the air of urban areas on human health was conducted. Based on the analysis of the database of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the emissions of substances into the atmosphere, it was established that the effects of solids on humans depend on particle diameter, morphological and physicochemical characteristics.

The threat to ecological balance can turn into a global problem, and we observe its deviations, which arise as a result of complex relationships between natural and social environments. Direct and indirect human impact on Earth's ecosystems together and interdependently form the planet's ecosystem, resulting in changes in the social environment of a human.

Pulp and paper enterprises are of great importance for sustainable economic and environmental development of certain regions and the economy of Ukraine. Man uses many natural resources during the lifetime, creating a burden on nature. As the world's population increases, this load increases, leading to a shortage of resources and deterioration in the environment. The main activity of Kokhavynska Paper Mill PJSC is the production of sanitary products for the domestic market and export.

Observation of the surface water state is carried out to determine its quality (contaminant content) based on the results of analytical control. The analysis of surface water was made according to the polluting sources of the object. It resulted in the proposed management decisions on directions and measures to improve the state of surface water.

У роботі розглянуто можливість визначення постійних та випадкових джерел забруднення навколишнього середовища за рівнем забрудненості рідких атмосферних опадів. Окреслено проблематику забору проб рідких атмосферних опадів та моніторингу концентрації забруднень за часом випадіння атмосферних опадів. Обґрунтовано доцільність розробки портативної системи, що дозволяє здійснювати забір проб рідких атмосферних опадів у автономному режимі в різних часових інтервалах та періодах випадіння дощу, незалежно від місця його встановлення.

The estimation of population health risk from carbon oxide and hydrocarbons waste influence of carbon producing enterprises is observed in this work. After analyzing ecological emissions safety of the carbon producing enterprises it was established that their activity belongs to the average level of risk and ability to get respiratory organs diseases, sight, cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases for old persons, pregnant women and children.

The problem of permanent and prolonged pollution of soils by various kinds of pollutants, in particular heavy metals, was analyzed. Experimental investigations of penetration of copper sulfate into a vertical soil profile have been carried out. The adsorption capacity of the sandy environment of copper sulfate
was experimentally determined.

The problem of penetration of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil is analyzed. The influence of adsorption process on the rate of transfer of fertilizers in the vertical profile of the soil is determined. Experimental researches of adsorption properties of soil environment on the base of absorption of calcium nitrate by soil are done. Проаналізовано проблему проникнення азотних добрив вглиб ґрунту. Визначено вплив процесу адсорбції на швидкість перенесення добрив по вертикальному профілю ґрунту.