Pongamia glabra seed oil (PGSO) – a non-edible, non-drying oil; a sustainable resource has found application as alkyds, epoxies and polyesteramides in paints and coatings. Generally, PGSO based polymeric coatings are obtained by curing at elevated temperature. Efforts have been made to cure PGSO at room temperature by simple route modification.
Self-cured Pongamia glabra oil based on polyesteramide (APGPEA) resin was synthesized by the reaction between Pongamia glabra oil modified fatty amide diol (HEPGA) with polystyrene co-maleic anhydride (SMA). After complete synthesis of APGPEA, phthalic anhydride modified polyesteramide (APGPEAPh) was synthesized in situ by a minor addition of phthalic anhydride (PA) to APGPEA in order to improve the performance of the latter. The effect of the SMA and PA introduction on properties of PGPEAPh film was also investigated. The physico-chemical characteristics of both resins were obtained by standard laboratory methods. The structural elucidation of these resins was carried out by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral techniques. The thermal behavior was studied by TGA. Curing was studied by DSC and FT-IR techniques. It was observed that APGPEA and APGPEAPh resins significantly improve the drying property in contrast to the previously reported polyesteramides cured at high temperature. Physico-mechanical and chemical/corrosion resistance tests of APGPEAPh coatings showed that the presence of phthalic anhydride in APGPEA enhanced the physico-mechanical and corrosion resistance considerably. The APGPEAPh resin appears to be sustainable aspirant biomaterials for anticorrosive surface coatings which may substitute polymers obtained from petroleum, potentially scarce resource.
[1] Lligadas G., Ronda J., Galia M. and Cadiz V.: Biomacromolecules, 2007, 8, 686.
[2] Andjelkovic D. and Lorock R.: Biomacromolecules, 2006, 7, 927.
[3] Narine S., Yue J. and Kong X.: J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc., 2007, 84, 173.
[4] Czub P.: Macromol. Sym., 2006, 245, 533.
[5] Guner F., Yagci Y. and Erciyes A.: Prog. Polym. Sci., 2006, 31, 633.
[6] Petrovic Z., Zhang W. and Janvi I.: Biomacromolecules, 2005, 6, 713.
[7] Derksen J., Cuperus F. and Kolster P.: Prog. Org. Coat., 1996, 27, 45.
[8] Sharmin E., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: Int. J. Bio. Macromol., 2007, 40, 407.
[9] Ahmad S., Ashraf S., Naqvi F. et al.: J. Macromol. Sci. Part A: Pure Appl. Chem., 2006, 43, 1409.
[10] Bailey A.: Bailey’s industrial oil and fat product. Wiley, New York 1996.
[11] Deffar D., Teng G. and Soucek M.: Surf. Coat. Int. Part B: Coat. Trans., 2001, 84 (B2), 147.
[12] Gorkum R. and Bouwman E.: Coord. Chem. Rev., 2005, 249, 1709.
[13] Kabasakal O.: Prog. Org. Coat., 2005, 53, 235.
[14] Erich S., Vander Ven L., Huinink H. et al.: J. Phys. Chem. B., 2006, 110, 8166.
[15] Ahmad S., Ashraf S., Naqvi F., et al.: Prog. Org. Coat., 2006, 56, 1.
[16] Zafar F., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: Bhart. Viag. Odhyo. Anusan. Patri., 2007, 1, 44.
[17] Ahmad S., Ashraf S., Naqvi F. et al.: Prog. Org. Coat., 2003, 47, 95.
[18] Kaul S., Saxena R., Kumar A. et al.: Fuel Proc. Technol., 2007, 88, 303.
[19] Raval D. and Patel V.: Paintindia, 2005, LV (3), 51.
[20]http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=H+S+Mukunda%2C+100+%25+Of+Energ...
[21] Zafar F., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 104, 1143.
[22] Zafar F., Sharmin E., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 92, 2538.
[23] Zafar F., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: Prog. Org. Coat., 2004, 51, 250.
[24] Zafar F., Sharmin E., Ashraf S. and Ahmad S.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 97, 1818.
[25] Morrison R. and Boyd R.: Organic Chemistry, 6th edn. Prentice Hall, India 2000.
[26] Silverstein R., Bassler G and Morril T.: Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, 5th edn. John Wiley and Sons, New York 1991.
[27] Paul S.: Surface Coatings Science and Technology, 2nd edn. John Wiley and Sons, New York 1996.
[28] Nylen P. and Sunderland E.: Modern Surface Coating, 1st edn. Wiley, London 1965.
[29] Gwariker V., Viswanathan N. and Sreedhar J.: Polymer Science. New Age International Publisher, New Delhi, India 2006.