unemployment

Problem setting. The effectiveness of the functioning of the economic and political system of vital functions of the society the state foresees the formation and implementation of a policy of employment, which would serve to create a balanced number of places of work in accordance with the spiritual and material needs of the population. The achievement of high indicators of socio-economic development of a modern postmodern state depends on ensuring a high level of employment of the labor potential of the nation.

The labor market is a complex socio-economic phenomenon that requires constant monitoring and regulation. There are a significant number of definitions of this concept, which are significantly different and quite harmoniously complement each other. At the same time, scientists use complex, systemic and dialectical approaches. Scientists consider typical models of the labor market: American, Japanese, Swedish and Chinese, which differ in a number of key features and principles of operation.

Examples of designing institutions for the homeless in foreign practice are considered, which are compared with the results of our sociological study of homeless people in Ukraine. A socio-typological scheme for introducing various types of housing for the homeless is proposed based on the integration of housing units with industrial and educational functions.

The article describes the importance of optimization the employment process in crisis conditions, in particular during the Covid-19 pandemic. The labor market and unemployment in Ukraine for 2016-2020 was analysed and a sharp increase in unemployment in 2020 was identified, due to the closure of a significant number of enterprises and organizations and the inability of employees to perform their duties remotely. Dependence of the level of employment on the level of education and duration of training for the period 2017-2020 was analysed.

This paper analyzes the features of market research of the Ukrainian labor market. In particular, the analysis and forecast of the International Labour Organisation (ILO ) on the overall unemployment rate in the world are illustrated. Also the demand and supply of labor in Ukraine in 2013 and the employment rate in Ukraine by sectors in 2000–2012 were analyzed. The essence of the concepts of “labor market”, “market research” and the role of market research in the labor market of Ukraine are described.

The article presents the research of tools that stimulate micro-entrepreneurship for unemployed youth, facilitate self-employment, formalize entrepreneurship and lessen the gender gap in business. The proposals
developed are aimed at creating new business opportunities for the unemployed young people. Centers of Professional Orientation and Integration (CPOI) create and utilize online database, combining business and education resources.
This database is the key element of the system as it accumulates information about labor market for CPOI,