The article analyzes the methods and tools for designing embedded Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The main stages of developing IoT systems are considered, the main design approaches are compared, and their advantages and limitations are identified. The analysis of hardware platforms, their characteristics, performance, energy efficiency, and applications in various fields is conducted. Considered Software tools and their effectiveness in developing IoT solutions. Particular attention is paid to architectural solutions that affect the performance, energy efficiency, and scalability of IoT solutions. The challenges associated with security, standardization, and energy efficiency of embedded systems are considered. The results obtained may be useful for researchers, engineers, and developers of embedded IoT solutions, as well as for optimizing design processes and selecting the most effective technologies in this area.
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