Today there is a need for the development of new technologies of waste utilization, especially biowaste such as fallen leaves because it can accumulate a variety of harmful compounds, including heavy metals. One of the methods of its processing is composting. On the other hand, these leaves can be used to improve soil condition by bioconversion. Actually, a promising way for the realization of this problem is the use of vermiculture technology with the addition of red Californian earthworms.
Thus, the main purpose of the work was to study the metabolic processes in the body of Eisenia foetida under the vermiculation on the substrate of fallen leaves collected in various ecological well-being areas of the city of Lviv.
As a result of the presented studies, the dynamics of changes in biomass of oligochaetes under influence of mineral phosphorus, heavy metals, and zeolite sorbent has been shown for increasing the level of degradation and neutralization of organic substances of these wastes, which can be used for safe disposal and composting of fallen leaves. It has been shown that anthropogenic stress negatively affects metabolic processes in the body of red Californian earthworms, as indicated the activities of such enzymes as alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, as well as alkaline phosphatase. However, the addition of zeolite to the base substrate of vermiculture Eisenia foetida in an amount of 6% of its mass can partly compensate this negative effect. Under these conditions, the content of such macronutrients as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium increases in the coprolites of the Eisenia foetida.
Thus, the possibilities of application of carbon substrates of fallen leaves during vermiculture of Eisenia foetida for balancing the soil ecosystem and creation of vermicompost for increasing soil yield were analyzed.
1. VermicompostingofLeaflitters: WaytoconvertwasteintoBest/ R. Nagar, A. Titov, Р. Bhati //Int. J. Curr. Sci. - 2017, 20(4). - P 25-30.
2. S. Pattnaik, M. V. Reddy/Nutrient Status of Vermicompost of UrbanGreen Waste Processed by Three Earthworm Species-Eiseniafetida, Eudriluseugeniae, and Perionyxexcavatus // Applied and Environmental Soil Science Volume 2010, Article ID 967526, 13 p. doi:10.1155/2010/967526
https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/967526
3. Metabolic Responses of EiseniaFetida to Individual Pb and Cd Contamination in Two Types of Soils // Scientific Report. 7: 13110. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-13503-z.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13503-z
4. Skip O. S., Shved O. V., Butsyak V. I. Perspektivyi alternativnosti substratov opavshih listev v vermikultvirovanii // Technologica laspect of modern agricultural production and environmental protection / Proceedings XIII Internationalscientific - appliedconference. daRostim. - Almati Kazah. un-t, 2017. - S. 102-103.
5. Manczarski P. Kompostowanieodpadówkomunalnych // Referatna Forum Technologii Ochrony Środowiska. POLEKO. - 2007, UP - 1-16 s.
6. Sendetskiy V. M. Pererobka organIchnih vIdhodIv u bIogumus metodom vermikultivuvannya // ZbIrnik naukovih prats NNTs "Institut zemlerobstva UAAN". - 2009. - Vip. 1-2. - S. 50-55.
7. SkIp O. S., Butsyak V. I., Pechar N. P. TehnologIchnI vlastivostI ta hImIchniy sklad opalogo listya yak substratu dlya vermIkultivuvannya // Naukoviy vIsnik LNUVMBT Im. S. Z. Gzhitskogo. - LvIv, 2011. - T. 13, # 2 (48), Ch. 1. - S. 466-470.
8. SkIp O. S., Butsyak V.I., Pechar N. P. AktivnIst fermentatsIYi substratIv za rIznogo kIlkIsnogo spIvvIdnoshennya kompostu z opalogo listya ta gnoyu VRH u protsesI vermIkultivuvannya Eiseniafoetida // Naukoviy vIsnik LNUVMBT ImenI S. Z. Gzhitskogo. - LvIv, 2011. - T.13, # 4 (50), Ch. 2. - S. 209-212.
9. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po opredeleniyu tyazhYolyih metallov v pochvah selhozugodiy i produktsii rastenievodstva. - M.: TsINAO, 1992 - 61 s.
10. Reitman S., Francel S. // Amer. JClin. Pathology. - 1957. - Vol. 28. - P. 56.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56
11. PeresipkIna T. N., Dubova O. V., Pristupa I. V. Laboratorniy praktikum z Gruntoznavstva // Dlya studentIv bIologIchnogo fakultetu. - ZaporIzhzhya. - ZNU 2005. - 32 s.
12. Relative Toxicity of two Selected Fungicides on Acid Phosphatase and Alkaline Phosphatase activity of Epigeic Earthworm EiseniaFetida (Oligochaeta) / S. Mandal, P. P. Chakravorty, J. K. Kundu // World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development. 2017; 4(2): 14-17.