біомаса

One of the most essential characteristics of biochar (charcoal) is its higher heating value. The higher heating value for the dry ashless state of 35 samples of raw vegetable materials and charcoal was determined to establish the dependencies between the quality of the raw material and the produced biochar samples. Biochar production was carried out using modernized equipment under the patented technology. Mathematical and graphical dependencies of the experimental and calculated higher heating values for the vegetable raw materials to produce pyrolysis gas and charcoal were established.

The results of studies on the possible producing valuable substances from cyanobacterial biomass are presented. It is shown that the main source of hyaluronic acid is the cyanobacteria from surface waters known as Microcystis aeruginosa and cyanobacterial associations of actinomycetes. The possibility of hyaluronic acid extraction has been experimentally proven. The dynamics of its quantitative characteristics were determined.

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of domestic legal regulation of bioenergy and the prospects for its improvement.

The production and use of renewable energy in various industries and sectors pursues the goal of ensuring energy independence and security, decarbonization, achieving the maximum level of climate neutrality etc.

This article presents the results of experimental studies investigating the energy consumption per 1 kg H2O required for the filtration drying of beet pulp.  The optimal process parameters for the removal of 1 kg of moisture from the dried beet pulp were determined, which included the height of the layer of dried material H=120 mm, the thermal agent temperature T = 90 °C and the thermal agent velocity v0 = 1.76 m/s.  Regarding these parameters, the total energy consumption for drying by the filtration method from the initial moisture content of 88.12 % wt.

The article is devoted to the study of the state, problems and prospects of ensuring the sustainable use of woody forest biomass.

Most of the bioenergy resources used in Ukraine for energy production are woody forest biomass. At the same time, there is a dangerous tendency to exceed the use of woody forest biomass above its potential.

The norms governing the use of woody forest biomass contain various normative legal acts of Ukraine. However, the general concept of “woody forest biomass” is not defined in domestic legislation.

The article describes the results of experimental studies of the kinetic regularities of beet pulp drying by the filtration method. The influence of the main process parameters on the rate of moisture removal, including the height of the wet layer of material H (0,04 m, 0,08 m, 0,12 m, 0,16 m), temperature T (60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C) and the velocity of the thermal agent v0 (1.24 m/sec, 1.76 m/sec, 2.29 m/sec, 2.82 m/sec), was investigated. The kinetic dependencies for the periods of complete and partial saturation of the thermal flow with moisture were derived.

In this study, a novel, cost-effective and environmentally friendly activated carbon/chitosan hybrid material (ACCHM) was synthesized by incorporating surface properties of both the activated carbon derived from rice husk and chitosan extracted from “Black Tiger” shrimp shells to generate a highly functionalized porous material with enhanced Pb (II) adsorption capacity for water purification.

Among the large number of modern environmental problems in Ukraine, waste of wastewater treatment stations occupies a special place. During biological water treatment, the separated sludge deposits are sent to the silt fields, which are the biggest problem. Today, these fields reached their capacity three times over and pose a danger, the consequences of which go far beyond environmental problems and have grown into a chain of socio-economic, technical, medical-biological and moral-ethical problems.

The process of fermentation of beet molasses to ethanol using dry alcohol yeast Deltaferm AL-18, reactivated in wort with different dry matter content was studied. It is shown that the fermentative activity of these yeasts is higher than the generative one. The concentration of ethanol in the brew is maximum under the condition of reactivation of yeast in the wort (22 % CF). The density of yeast after fermentation decreases proportionally if the yeast is activated in the wort with a higher concentration.

Classification of macrophytes and microphytes in the system of hydrobionts is presented, individual characteristics of each macrophyte and microphyte type according to the given classification are presented, environmental problems concerning uncontrolled development of macrophytes and microphytes in water media are considered and several biotechnologies of application of their sustainable development are characterized.