fortification

The article is devoted to a detailed review of the High Castle - one of the key historical monuments of the city of Lviv, which carries centuries-old history, cultural and historical traditions. Located on one of the highest hills of Lviv, the castle witnessed numerous historical events that took place on the territory of Ukraine and Europe. Its walls preserved the history of greatness and fall, cultural flourishing and war destruction.

The lost court of Franciszka Zhevuska on the Galician suburb of Lviv, located at the present-day 14-16 V. Vynnychenka Street, has been examined. This court is a classic example of suburb residences that were common on the territory of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th and 18th centuries. According to the register of 1768, there were approximately 110 courts in the suburbs of Lviv, but none of them has not been preserved.

This article describes the nature and fortification structure of downtowns in the cities of Kyiv region in the 17th - late 18th centuries. Geometric and proportional properties of strengthening downtowns are determined. Stages of formation and features of changes in the fortifications of the downtown and castles during the 17th-18th centuries in the cities of Kyiv region are revealed.