planning structure

Food security is the of the most important basic human needs. The sphere of agricultural production affects direct or indirect ways to the settlement system, density, socio-demographic parameters. It affect on typology and appearance of agricultural buildings and edifices also. In the past, the size of the city was limited by local food opportunities. Despite the increase in agricultural production every year, natural renewable resources are depleted faster than they can be restored. It is very likely that after 2050 the world ecological collapse may begin.

The article considers the importance of preserving the architectural environment's national identity in terms of its defense’s effectiveness in modern military operations. A brief overview of the traditional urban characteristics of Ukrainian cities, which in the past ensured their effective defense, was made: the way the buildings are located in the landscape, the planning structure, the height of the buildings, and the density of their location on the territory.

Housing, as the basis for the formation and life of a family, is one of the main indicators of the socio-economic state of society. Designing compact small-sized apartments makes it possible to provide the optimal number of families with comfortable housing in a short time. On the territory of Lviv, you can track the features of the development of apartments that had a compact size and were accessible to most. As a result of the study, it is possible to see the relationship between socio-cultural-economic space with the peculiarities of housing planning and its regularities.

The XXI century is a period of fierce competition for material and technical resources, which is a rapid development of innovative technologies and teaching methods. Therefore, the main task for high-quality education today is to create modern multifunctional institutions where people of different ages could get knowledge. The organic combination of educational, scientific and innovative activities in the extracurricular educational process will allow people in educational institutions to master the modern methodology of performing research work.

The article analyzes the research and design documentation "Historical and
architectural basic plan of the city of Lviv" (2020) in terms of identification and protection of
fortifications. The analysis of the documentation revealed little attention of the authors to the
study and coverage of the stages of development of the fortification lines of Lviv from the XIII
to the XIX century. This approach has led to the debatable identification of many objects by
their historical, urban and architectural value, inaccurate dating, lack of proposals for their

The article analyzes the research and design documentation "Historical and architectural
basic plan of the city of Lviv" (2020) in terms of identification and protection of fortifications. The
analysis of the documentation revealed little attention of the authors to the study and coverage of the
stages of development of the fortification lines of Lviv from the XIII to the XIX century. This
approach has led to the debatable identification of many objects by their historical, urban and

On the base of the historical and urban studies it is presented the hypothesis that the town of Zhovkva is an example of late Renaissance urbanism and was built at the end of 16th century according to the project based on the concept of ideal city. The towns are characterised with a well-preserved original. Renaissance planning structure and a number of architectural monuments that are connected with it.