The use of state-of-the-art technologies for the standardization of work related to environmental monitoring, technological processes, urban and rural infrastructures requires an entire system of metrological supervision. The drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle. The purpose of such systems of autonomous action, intended for flight and their performance of some operations can be potentially dangerous to humans. With the use of appropriate electronic equipment one can determine the level of air pollution and conduct the research. Aero monitoring is carried out by specialists, managing drones at an altitude of up to 500 meters and within a radius of one and a half kilometers. The precision of the results is provided by the advanced technologies of meteorological measurements. To use drones during diagnostics, it is necessary to solve technical problems related to the methodology of this equipment application as well as the drones application These are the determination and setting the height of obtaining images, the nominal range of moving speeds of drones for obtaining images, the nominal angles of obtaining images of plantations, the time of exposure of the image, the magnitude of image exposure correction.
This paper examines the history of creation, the legal aspects of use, the main types of unmanned aerial vehicles and their classification characteristics, their hardware and software, and an overview of the unmanned aerial vehicles manufacturers. The structure of the unmanned aviation system, the functions of its individual units and development trends are also analyzed. The main problems of ensuring the communication channels reliability and ensuring flight safety using the control system virtualization are set out. Based on the conducted analysis it is proposed to provide metrological support for unmanned aerial vehicles and recommendations for video and photography using navigation equipment.
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