Engineering solutions for increasing the accuracy of geodesic measurements by total stations

The developments of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Department of Engineering Geodesy of the Lviv Polytechnic National University in the direction of increasing the accuracy of geodetic measurements in the construction, operation and repair of unique buildings, structures or separate technological equipment, which is particularly important for their safe operation, are considered. Auxiliary equipment (improved light-reflecting mark, device for linear-angular measurements, spherical reflector with a stand, two-prism transducer-vector) has been developed to increase the accuracy of measurements of parameters of engineering structures by electronic total stations. On the basis of theoretical calculations, an optimal image of the geodetic mark for viewing at different distances is proposed, and a three-dimensional holder is developed to compensate for the non-perpendicular error. A technique was developed and implemented in a device for linear-angular measurements, which made it possible to determine the length of segments from 1 to 30 meters with an accuracy of 0.1-0.3 mm. In order to transfer the coordinates of the geodetic base from the reference network to the measurement points of building structures, a spherical reflector and a stand were developed, in the process of using which errors in centering, reduction and height measurement are compensated. The application of the developed spherical reflector was tested during the restoration of the design position of the large-sized equipment of the power complex facility with an accuracy of 0.5 mm. To determine the dimensions of irregularly shaped structures in order to minimize the angles of the prism (to directly determine the coordinates of the prism tip), a two-prism encoder vector was theoretically justified and developed. The accuracy of determining the spatial coordinates by the vector encoder was investigated using the final measure as a reference value. According to the results of research, the deviation of the distances determined with the help of the vector transducer from the reference value is 0.3 mm.