Life cycle

Due to the increase in diseases in the musculoskeletal system, regenerative medicine is now developing various bone substitutes. Not all scaffolds, due to their shortcomings, are applied for every application. Patients should be provided with basic product information and other warnings about health risks or measures to be taken. From the establishment of the purpose of the biomaterial to apply, several stages of the life cycle can pass. To ensure the biocompatibility of medical devices, there is a legislative framework and standards.

The paper presents a methodology for carbon footprint assessment of buildings according to the current European standard. The analytical formulas are proposed to assess the carbon footprint through emissions calculation for the building life cycle including extraction, transportation, and processing of raw materials, construction and installation process, operation, maintenance, and repair, as well as liquidation and disposal. Beyond the life cycle boundaries, the possible benefits from recycling and reuse of building components and materials are considered.

Virtual communities become an extremely popular phenomenon, and every day their number becomes larger, develop existing community. Rapid development gain communities formed around universities. Mainly this is the student community, designed for the exchange of abstracts, of course, information about organization of educational process, reviews about the teachers. Unfortunately, less community representation of the university on the Internet.

The paper proposes a new model of software life cycle, which allows to improve the phase formation specification. This makes it possible to calculate the preliminary cost software development, reduce risk and to design stage vehicle to develop a prototype user interface and generate code.

In this paper the technical and economical parameters of buildings on the bases of their energetic and ecological analysis are shown. The economy effectiveness of investment project by the criterion of minimizing operating costs of buildings and term return on investment is assessment by mathematical modeling method.

Each increase of energy tariffs actualizes the problem of insulation of buildings in order to reduce heating costs. This raises the question of choice of insulating material. In the article is considered the actual question comparing the most common types of thermal insulation - polystyrene (foam) and mineral wool. As a general criterion of comparison proposed life cycle assessment which is formed of four stages assessments existence of material: manufacture, installation, use (operation) and return back to the environment.