циркулярна економіка

The circular economy is a prerequisite for the new industrial revolution, because it contributes to achieving maximum economic efficiency in industry and reducing the negative impact on the environment. Its implementation involves a set of measures aimed at the sustainable development of enterprises, the country and society. Introducing the concept of circular economy is an important and necessary step for the development of our country, its integration into the European Union and post-war recovery.

The circular economy is a prerequisite for the new industrial revolution, because it contributes to achieving maximum economic efficiency in industry and reducing the negative impact on the environment. Its implementation involves a set of measures aimed at the sustainable development of enterprises, the country and society. Introducing the concept of circular economy is an important and necessary step for the development of our country, its integration into the European Union and post-war recovery.

Ukraine's transition to an energy-efficient economy as part of its overall transformation to EU standards is a difficult but crucial challenge. The country's post-war recovery will involve modernizing the entire infrastructure in line with EU sustainable development standards.

Purpose. The concept of circular economy (closed-loop economy) emerged as an alternative economic model designed to reduce the negative impact on the environment, solve the problem of resource scarcity, extend the life cycle of products and solve global problems of the world economy and international economic relations on this basis. Obtaining the benefits of implementing circular business models, which consist in increasing the income of the world economy, saving resources, and increasing the number of jobs, requires reasonable and rational planning at enterprises.

In work, a web application was designed and developed to support interaction between members of different households regarding the disposal of household waste and the sale of used goods on the secondary  market.  To  minimize  the  negative  human  impact  on  the  environment,  the  developed information system to support household waste disposal is based on the principles of a circular economy, where all available resources are reusable, goods to recycle, and in general, the level of consumption is reduced.

Key trends in international logistics are highlighted. The essence of the international supply chain in the conditions of the formation of a circular economy model is revealed. The advantages of the circular economy over the linear economy are substantiated. Successful examples of the organization of zero-waste supply chains in the activities of well-known companies according to the principles of sustainable development are presented.

The results of research in the field of designing a business model of an enterprise in conditions of sustainable development through the introduction of innovations are presented. The role of disruptive innovations in business process reengineering is highlighted. The concept of 4P innovations is presented, the classification of innovations according to the level of technological novelty and impact on the market is carried out. The main types of circular business models are described (cyclical, extending, intensifying, dematerialising).

The Carpathian Euroregion comprises of five countries: Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Ukraine, as the Euroregion's fifth state, aspires to join the EU. As a result, we chose to compare Slovak Republic as an EU member state and Serbia and Ukraine as candidate countries. To support waste reduction and a circular economy, European law establishes waste management principles incorporated into national legislation across all EU member states. The key document of Slovakia is the Envirostrategy 2030, which sets a target of 60% recycling and 10% landfilling by 2030.

Purpose. Today, global issues such as population growth, depletion of natural resources, deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change show that existing methods of managing the economy are no longer effective and harm the environment. The solution to this problem is the transition to balanced sustainable development, in particular through the circular economy model, which is attracting more and more attention from scientists and practitioners.

The article is devoted to the study of circular economy, its concept; the main circular business- models, their essence and advantages in the practical application based on the analysis of researches of their introduction and use in the world and domestic companies are analyzed; features of the development of circular economy in Ukraine in disclosure of researches of sources of financing of innovative activity and a share of innovative enterprises in general scale are revealed; the expediency of introduction of energy-efficient and energy-saving technologies at the enterprises within the li