екологічна безпека

Emissions of industrial enterprises in their structure are mostly aerodisperse systems, in which the dispersed phase is organic and inorganic dust or fine droplets, and the dispersion phase is a gas-air mixture. This mixture may comprise several contaminating gaseous components. In many cases, the components of the exhaust gases have an additive effect or are capable of transforming into more dangerous compounds, which in the conditions of background concentrations characteristic of most industrialized areas makes them dangerous even at relatively low concentrations in emissions.

Анотація. Стаття присвячена дослідженню правових аспектів впровадження та ефективності екологічного аудиту в концепції розвитку сталого природокористування, як важливого механізму екологічної безпеки.

Швидкий технологічний розвиток призвів до глобалізації усіх без винятку суспільних процесів. Саме цей фактор вплинув і на екологічну кризу, адже домінуючий спосіб природокористування виявився несумісним з біосферою, циклічним кругообігом ресурсів, енергії і інформації, що забезпечують стійкість глобальної екосистеми. Це спровокувало екологічний регрес і реальний глобальний омніцид.

The ongoing military conflict in Ukraine has severely contaminated freshwater ecosystems with heavy metal pollutants including lead from ammunition and explosives. This study investigates the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of resistance in the freshwater mollusks. This study examines how freshwater mollusks, specifically Planorbarius corneus and Viviparus viviparus, resist lead compounds. Lead pollution from military activities poses a significant threat to aquatic life due to its toxicity and bioaccumulation.

The water resources of Zhytomyr region are an important national asset, the condition of which affects people's health, economic development and the "good" environmental condition of the region. The current state of water resources in Zhytomyr region is of some concern due to a number of challenges, including: water pollution with organic materials, nutrients and toxic elements due to incomplete or no wastewater treatment, leaching of pollutants from agricultural land and plastic waste.

Статтю присвячено аналізу адміністративно-правових засад управління у сфері забезпечення екологічної безпеки держави.

Встановлено об’єкт адміністративно-правового регулювання – суспільні відносини у формі поведінки та дій людей, які мають місце у зв’язку із забезпеченням суб’єктами публічної влади, екологічних прав і свобод людини та громадянина, інтересів суспільства та держави у цій сфері.

Mining areas are centres of increased environmental danger. This is due to the development and operation of mines and subsequent beneficiation of coal, as well as the storage of significant volumes of empty waste rock in landfills. An important component of ensuring environmental safety is the investigation of the factors and ways of the impact of rock dumps on the state of the environment. In this regard, the article examines the forms of heavy metals found in the rock of the waste heap of the central coal enrichment plant "Chervonohradska" of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin.

The issue of industrial water treatment and food waste disposal is particularly relevant, especially for the alcohol industry. The problem of wastewater treatment and waste accumulation in the process of alcohol production is due to high chemical and biological oxygen demand, specific colour and odour, a large number of suspended substances, low pH. Therefore, the choice of promising wastewater treatment technologies is of paramount importance to ensure the ecological safety of the environment.

In Ukraine, there is still a great number of unused, unidentified and substandard pesticide preparations (PPs) and other toxic substances which have an extremely dangerous impact on humans and other living ecosystems and the environment. Besides, more than 75 thousand tons of pesticides are imported and produced annually in Ukraine, but some of them are not used during the period of their suitability.

The work deals with solving the problem of raising the environmental safety level of the municipal solid waste landfills through the introduction of advanced composting technology of the solid waste food component with the use of mineral and microbiological additives.

The analysis of the generation, recycling and landfilling of waste in Ukraine is carried out. Significant generation of various wastes leads to their storage on the ground surface, as it is the most widespread way of waste treatment in Ukraine. Frequently, the stored waste burns (waste heaps, waste coal, landfills), causing significant accumulation of hazardous substances in the environment.