DESIGNING AN INTEGRATED MONITORING SYSTEM WITH ADAPTIVE MODULAR ARCHITECTURE AND ESP-NOW WIRELESS INTERACTION

The article presents the development of an integrated system for monitoring and managing residential environment parameters, based on the ESP32 microcontroller and the ESP-NOW wireless communication protocol. The proposed system features an adaptive architecture with a clearly defined modular structure, ensuring flexibility, scalability, and ease of operation. The choice of the ESP32 microcontroller as the central element of the system is justified by its high performance, energy efficiency, the availability of a wide range of peripheral interfaces, and support for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ESP-NOW wireless connectivity. This technology is key to the modular architecture, providing high-speed, stable, and energy-efficient data exchange between components, which eliminates the need for an external router or cloud services. The functional features and interaction of each of the four main modules are described: the central controller, which performs comprehensive data processing and provides the user interface; the climate control module, responsible for accurate monitoring of temperature and relative humidity; the motion and lighting control module, which detects presence and regulates light intensity; and the peripheral device control module, designed for automating external equipment. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of fast and energy-efficient wireless data transmission, as well as the construction of an intuitive user interface on a touch-sensitive TFT display. This interface allows for system control in both fully automatic and manual modes, providing the user with complete control and customization capabilities. The results of a comprehensive experimental study conducted on a real system prototype convincingly demonstrate its high effectiveness in monitoring climate parameters, automatic lighting regulation, and reliable control of external devices. Integrated smart systems of this type significantly contribute to enhancing residents' comfort, optimizing energy resource consumption, and ensuring rational space utilization through individual adaptation of functionality to user needs.