minors

This article examines the main causes and conditions for the spread of drug abuse among minors, characteristic of the current state of the Ukrainian state during the period of armed Russian aggression, the current legal regime of martial law, online education, and, consequently, the lack of adequate parental supervision. Classification definitions of determinants associated with drug abuse among minors are analyzed, and determinants that operate at the general social, group, and individual levels are identified.

The article presents a critical analysis of administrative sanctions and measures of influence applied to minors. It is noted that such instruments serve as a means for the state to respond to unlawful behavior. The author substantiates the need to review and update approaches to the system of administrative sanctions and measures of influence concerning minors, taking into account current realities and changes driven by societal transformation.

The article analyzes the problems of the spread of drug addiction, in particular, drug addiction among minors in Ukraine at the present stage. Accordingly, the consequences of drug use (psychosocial and medical) are analyzed. The relationship between drug use and crime in general is also traced. Attention is paid to the special features of the consequences of drug use by minors. Special attention is paid to the problem of victimization of persons who allow non-medical use of drugs.

Juvenile delinquency constitutes a multifaceted socio-legal issue, posing negative consequences not only for the young offenders but also for society at large. This article examines the primary factors that may lead adolescents to engage in unlawful behavior, focusing on family dynamics, social influences, psychological traits, and economic challenges. It offers an overview of various forms of delinquency–ranging from administrative infractions and criminal acts to deviant conduct and internet-based offenses.

 The article examines the types of punishments that can be applied to minors according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is noted that Article 51 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine contains a general list of punishments, while Article 98 establishes a special subsystem of punishments for minors, which includes: a fine, community service, correctional work, arrest and imprisonment for a certain period.

Deviant behavior of minors manifests in various forms and with different degrees of intensity, influenced by external social environments and the individual characteristics of the minor's personality, which shape their reactions to various life challenges.

Behavior that deviates from generally accepted expectations can be either constructive or destructive, and deviant behavior, accordingly, can be positive or negative. The evaluation of such behavior is based on the social consequences of the deviation.

The system of dealing with children in trouble with the law has existed for more than a century, starting with the creation of separate institutions for juvenile delinquents and “at-risk” children, which was soon followed by a series of regulations. Although different models have been in place from the very beginning, the predominant approach has been one focused on ensuring the well-being of the child, i. e. ensuring the best interests of the child.

Legal regulation is an effective, normative and organizational impact on public relations through a system of legal acts (legal norms, legal relations, individual prescriptions, etc.) with the aim of their ordering, protection, and development in accordance with the relevant social needs.

The article presents a scientific and theoretical review of domestic and foreign studies devoted to the problem of aggression and behavioral deviations in the children's environment. The psychological features of destructive behavior and its characteristics from the standpoint of psychology, sociology and criminal-law sciences are considered. The mechanisms of formation of illegal actions are revealed, and the influence of deviations on the formation of personality is analyzed.

The article deals with the juvenile justice system. Particular attention is focused on models of juvenile justice. Itindentifies optimum model for implementation national legislation.