philosophy of law

In exposition of material absence of the systematized modern integral analysis of going is validified near all history of functioning of philosophical-legal science inacademic establishments of education and science and her critical vision of blanks and prospects of scientific and educational-methodological value for forming of worldview positions of future mature citizens of Ukraine.

A tendency is outlined: crisis epochscan level the didactics going near semanticweight and role of philosophy of right.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the genesis of the principle of equality in law and philosophical and legal ideas. It was established that the researched category was born in the period of Antiquity and is developing until now. Equality means the same position of people in society. This category has an axiological character and was formed evolutionarily, together with the development of the concepts of the state and law.

The article examines the origin and development of the philosophical and legal concepts of the state. It is noted that despite the fact that the term "state" itself appeared in the New Age, the philosophical and legal concepts of the ontology of this entity date back to Antiquity, were developed, reinterpreted and supplemented over thousands of years, and continue to be modernized and evolved until now.

The article analyzes the multiplicity of approaches to understanding the concept of "justice" from the theoretical and legal, philosophical and legal and sociological and legal points of view. It is noted that justice and the judiciary are not identical categories, as justice is a broader concept than the judiciary and includes the latter. At the same time, the judiciary does not always guarantee a judicial decision. Therefore, the concepts of justice and justice are not identical, because not every court decision is fair.

Distribution dialectical approach to legal reasoning proves an accomplished fact about the weakening of the legal-positivist perception in the generally accepted doctrine of the right in favor of the natural-law concept of legal understanding. In this connection, we consider the philosophical and legal theories of subjectivism, irrationalism and voluntarist liberalism, which discloses the essential content of legal argumentation in modern law.

The article states that a purely positivist understanding of crime is insufficient for its
comprehensive study, and the study of this phenomenon must go beyond the right to the sociophilosophical
level. Crime as a social phenomenon has been analyzed. The correlation between the
development of law and the evolution of criminal behavior is emphasized; the mutual influence of these
processes is substantiated. The role of free will of the person in choosing the model of behavior is

The article of the positions of the various schools of philosophy examines the philosophical and legal category of "personality", the main approaches to the definitive abovementioned issues and highlights their main content. The author deals with defining in detail three aspects of human existence: matter, social cohesion and human personality and proved that the views of most philosophers on this issue coincide.

Following the adoption of Brest Church Union in 1596, which was to unite the Orthodox and Catholic churches in Ukraine began ideological and religious struggle, which found its 237 expression in the polemical literature. Raising current at the time the religious question, Ukrainian panellists gave them social and legal meaning. To address these issues leading Ukrainian thinkers turned to philosophy and the history of their people. One of the main institutions where developed polemical literature was Ostrog Academy.

The article analyzes the main legal and anthropological determinants of the genesis of law. The views of thinkers and scholars on this subject are analyzed and summarized. The place of justice, legal values, legal mentality, legal ideas and cultural conditions for the formation of law are defined.