проникність

The chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde as 37% aqueous solutionhas been studied in the presence of the catalysts. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and acid tar were used as the catalysts. The effect of the catalyst nature and amount, as well as temperature, process time and initial components ratio on the softening point, penetration, brittle point and adhesion to crushed stone has been determined. The structure of the modified tars was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The structural-group composition was determined.

The research results of surface adsorption magnitude and tensile strength of combined polyamide-hydrogel membranes, depending on the content of the hydrogel lining membrane are presented in the article. It was found that the molecular weight variation of PVP, both in the structure of copolymer and in modifying blend, as well as the time of staying hydrogel film in the modifying solution allow to regulate the properties of combined membranes directly, in particular, its strength and permeability.

The problem of permanent and prolonged pollution of soils by various kinds of pollutants, in particular heavy metals, was analyzed. Experimental investigations of penetration of copper sulfate into a vertical soil profile have been carried out. The adsorption capacity of the sandy environment of copper sulfate
was experimentally determined.

One of the major problems of pollution of soil environment, namely by components of mineral fertilizers due to their massive and continuous use in agriculture was analysed in the article. Possible ways of penetration of not absorbed mineral fertilizers deep into the soil as the main reason for getting fertilizers in the lower layers of the soil environment were investigated. A comparison of the impact of soil and climatic conditions on the rate of penetration of fertilizers deep into the soil was done.

Based on the results of our studies, three litho-types of rocks have been identified, their structure characterized, influence of post-sedimentary transformations revealed, etc. Leaching, sulphatization and deposition of ore minerals are considered as the changes superimposed upon the background lithogenesis. The diversity of the processes has resulted in significant petrophysical heterogeheity of geological cross-section, which has to be taken into account during idevelopment of the layers, introduction of the intensive methods, etc.