Optimization of epoxidation by using response surface methodology (RSM) based on three-level three-factorial central composite design (CCD) was used. Response percentage of relative oxirane content (%RCO) was studied to determine the optimum reaction condition for production of polyols. The predicted value of model (85 %) was excellent in accordance to experimental value (81 %).
The kinetics of the process of drying hot (80°C) and cold (20°C) candied pears were studied. The drying coefficient is found and an analytical dependence is derived for the drying time calculation. Experimental data of the change in the temperature of the thermal agent along with the height of the candied fruit layer was obtained.
The steel plant’s workplace environmental hazard parameters in Ilorin, Nigeria was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). Three environmental parameters (illumination, temperature and noise level) were measured. The data obtained were compared with the Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA) standard for the workplace environment. Based on the preliminary analysis of the workplace environment, five variables (No. of lightings, no. of windows, no. of machines, no. of workers and age of machines) were considered as input parameters.
The article is directed on metrological characteristics increase and extension of the optical thermometry field of use, including two-color compensative thermometry with a priori averaged adjustment. The investigations have been performed for the tungsten. This metal studied in thermometry and metal optics has tabulated quantitative estimations of emissivity which are similar to the most widespread in metallurgy iron-carbon alloys.
In order to increase the capacity and efficiency factor of gas turbines and internal combustion engines while preserving their high reliability, the gas temperature and its distribution need to be measured in combustion chambers. Values of these temperatures can exceed 1800°С in an oxidizing atmosphere. Therefore, designing temperature transducers for measurements in such severe environments, special attention should be paid to the selection of thermometric materials.
The hard operation conditions of temperature thermotransducers which involve their thermal cycling require special attention to the study of processes occurring in structural elements, in particular in thermometric materials. Operation impacts cause the drift of thermometric characteristics due to the influence of the few factors main of which seem to be the thermo structural stresses.
A mathematical model and the respective structural scheme of the convective heating surfaces of the TPP-210А steam boiler were developed as a system of interconnected heat exchangers. The interconnected convective heating surfaces are regarded as the convective heat transfer system of the boiler.
The main information parameters of the microclimate of greenhouse premises are substantiated, in particular: air temperature, relative humidity, illumination of greenhouse premises, soil temperature, soil humidity, the concentration of carbon dioxide. The cyber-physical system for vegetables’ cultivation with the regulation of temperature-humidity-insolation regime contains three subsystems, namely the subsystem of temperature control, the subsystem of humidity control, and the subsystem of insolation control.
Gas flow temperature is an important parameter of the process, determines the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the original product, the presence of defects, the state of technological equipment, as well as the safety of the process. Therefore, its measurement must be carried out continuously, with high accuracy, low inertia and high reliability, since the information signal about the value of temperature is used in information-measuring systems and automatic control and regulation systems.
Investigations of methodical errors of two-color compensative and classical energy and spectral ratio pyrometry are performed under conditions of changeable radiative characteristics of metal alloys. To quantitatively estimate the radiative characteristics we proposed such parameters as an average level of emissivity and selectivity factor. As average (adjustment) values of these parameters we chose the values, which correspond to tungsten in vacuum with temperature 1600 K (for wavelengths 0.7 and 0.9 µm).