Combating Crime in Anglo-saxon Legal Systems in the Context of Preventing the Commitment of Criminal-illegal Activities in Relation to Participants in Criminal Proceedings

In each state that belongs to the Anglo-Saxon legal system, in particular, in the USA, law enforcement agencies, within their own competence, develop their own methods and measures to combat various manifestations of crime, in particular in the field of criminal legal encroach­ments on subjects of criminal proceedings. The state, for its part, of course, coordinates such activities through the development of relevant national and regional programs. At the same time, law enforcement agencies are endowed with considerable freedom of their own actions regarding practical directions for implementing the fight against potential manifestations of crime.

Such an approach in the above-mentioned legal systems has both a number of positive practical aspects and many critical reservations. Thus, taking the approved national programs as a basis, representatives of a specific law enforcement agency can directly determine from a practical point of view, on the one hand, the contingent of possible potential subjects of criminally unlawful encroachments, and on the other hand, the most likely spheres of public life in which such criminally unlawful encroachments are possible. Such freedom of action of representatives of the law enforcement agency allows to determine the circle of citizens to whom preventive measures should be actively applied, and to establish the optimal risks of possible criminally unlawful encroachments, in particular with regard to individual partici­pants in criminal proceedings.

Sometimes it is difficult to achieve coordination or duplication of individual actions in the activities of authorized bodies, officials, and specialized units in the process of comprehensive implementation of preventive measures among potential offenders in order to cover the maximum number of them. To optimize the activities of law enforcement agencies in crime prevention in the states of the Anglo-Saxon legal system, in particular, in the USA, the introduction of grant programs is widely implemented, which, undoubtedly, is a powerful factor in the full implementation of preventive measures to prevent offenses, in particular in the field of criminal proceedings. Such programs provide for certain areas of implementation of specific prevention methods for a specific contingent of potential offenders.

The article draws attention to preventive activities regarding crime in the states of the Anglo-Saxon law. Attention is focused on the prevention of crimes against participants in criminal proceedings through work with potential juvenile offenders, who, as a rule, can be involved in criminal illegal activities by adult instigators, as well as with persons released from places of imprisonment, in the context of their resocialization.