Archaeological sites are non-renewable resources of global significance, containing material evidence of the past. International documents and charters have played a crucial role in shaping the principles of archaeological heritage preservation. This study examines the theoretical foundations of archaeological site conservation as outlined in international documents and charters from the 20th and 21st centuries, which contribute to the evolving ethics of interventions in archaeological sites. Special attention is given to analyzing the legal status of ratified international documents in Ukraine, emphasizing the importance of ratifying those documents that have yet to be adopted at the national level.
The problem of archaeological preservation becomes increasingly relevant as new architectural heritage objects are discovered annually. Many of these architectural relics lack primary protective measures, such as roofs or other structures, rendering them vulnerable to deterioration due to environmental factors, improper use, negligence, or misguided interventions. In the absence of appropriate protection, these objects are particularly susceptible to degradation, underscoring the need for urgent preservation measures. Nowadays, cultural heritage faces numerous threats, such as climate change, urbanization, and wars. For Ukraine, it is essential not only to acknowledge the significance of presenting archaeological sites, which embody the identity and values of society, but also to actively implement international preservation standards.
This study also highlights the need for comprehensive research into international documents and charters, based on centuries of experience in preservation of archaeological remains of architecture, achieved through trial and error. Ukraine must integrate global experiences into national practices to avoid past mistakes and ensure the reliable preservation of archaeological heritage for future generations.
The article's objective is to analyze approaches to the preservation of architectural archaeological relics based on international documents and charters, exploring the evolution of these approaches and the values of heritage they delineate. The research aims to shed light on the problem of insufficient implementation of international norms into national legislation and restoration practices.
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