church

In this article we present the results of research on the defensive church in the
village of Bishche. Construction of the church began in 1624. The church had an
autonomous defense system. The territory of the temple is surrounded by defensive
moats and ramparts. Powerful walls with arches were built on the ramparts. The
shooting ranges were also in the upper tier of the nave above the vaults. The temple
seemed to repeat the features of a small defensive castle. After all, the church with rough

As a result of the analysis of descriptive, iconographic and cartographic material, the location of several non-existent temples of the Eastern Christian tradition in Przemyśl was determined and clarified. According to research, St. Trinity Church was located in a rectangle close to the square, now occupied by a residential building on Y. Slovatsky, 13 street (the so-called "rabbi's house"). Based on descriptions and cartographic materials, it is established that the locating of St.

The article deals with the issue of the lost heritage of the Eastern Christian culture of the city of Przemyśl. Being in the area of intense Latin religious expansion, the city underwent numerous transformations and changes, which led to the loss of almost the entire authentic layer relating to the most ancient and Rus` periods in its history.

The article is studying the role and place of art in shaping the spiritual and functional space of the cemetery and the church in the conditions of moral and religious chaos. The study is based on the study of historical monuments and newly built church complexes in Galicia. In particular, the dynamics of the coexistence of church and cemetery in large cities, as well as in historic towns and villages are considered.

The article traces the interpretation of Christian symbolism in the Middle Ages, analyzes the works of Dionysius the Areopagite, Saint Augustine, John of Damascus.

In the Middle Ages of Christian Europe, God is the Creator always in the center, and the symbols make it possible to know God, to spiritually touch it. Therefore, in the Middle Ages, symbolism develops in Christian art and architecture.

The article discusses the results of the research on the topic of Christian education development in Ukraine in XI–XXI centuries and mentions the architectural and typological array of buildings and complexes that were used to conduct the educational process, including theological school of pre-Christian times, monastic school, theological school for the upper class, parochial school, large theological school, episcopal school, cathedral school, brotherhood school, theological seminary, theological academy, and theological university. 

The article is devoted to the analysis of criminal legal protection of religious freedoms of
citizens in foreign countries. Analyzing the content of the criminal law of many countries in the
world, related to the protection of religious freedoms of citizens, concluded that most of them
provide for such rules.At the same time, some of the existing Criminal Code do not criminalize
acts in this area. Such, for example, is the Criminal Code of France, the Criminal Code of

The article explores the canonical confidence of the grace of the Holy Places, which
makes it possible to understand and realize the role of the Church as the secrets of the sinful
people. The intensive spiritual life of a person needs the Church, not only its liturgical life, but
its continuation. Although visiting the holy places and not replacing the church ordinances, but
gives confidence, confidence in the correctness of their respect, as well as recognition of this

The organization of sacral squares of historical cities, which not only emphasizes the importance of sacral objects, but also plays an important role in the formation of the spatial structure of the city, is researched. On the basis of our analysis, the peculiarities of formation, which allow to preserve an aesthetic and spiritual value of the squares during the centuries, are studied.

The article explores the unity of the system of church canons. The main attention is focused on the problem of the search for spirituality, which are examined in the article in anthropological, ethical and existence aspects.