A words with the electro- component in the modern Ukrainian literary language

Iryna Kochan

The article deals with the words with the electro- component in the Ukrainian language. Fixation of such tokens in lexicographic works of different time slices is traced. Thematic groups of such words are identified, their belonging to different scientific fields, and also tracing the dynamics of changes in the semantic structure – its narrowing or expansion – some terms. Such words are compared with their counterparts in other Slavic languages.

Ukrainian language

international component

complex words

terms

The electro- component has long become quite productive for the creation of words in the purely scientific and technical sphere (electro coagulator, electrolytic), and for words that are now included in the active use of each person, because they are connected with the concepts of the household sphere (electric kettle, electric cooker). Today, with the development of science and technology, a number of new words with this component (electro, electric heater) have appeared. It should be noted that in the colloquial language, the components with electro are often omitted: (electro) iron, (electro) boiler, (electro) heater, (electro) alarm clock, (electro) lamp, (electro) refrigerator, etc.

Words with similar components are considered to be complex or composite. They were studied by Ukrainian scholars: K. Gorodenska, E. Karpilovskaya, N. Klymenko. The role of borrowings in the creation of Ukrainian technical terminology was highlighted in the articles by L. Azarov, L. Kozak and others. The words with the electro-component in the language of press in the 50's and 70's were studied by L. V. Pacera. She collected 121 composites, compiled into 6 thematic groups.

The article deals with the words including electro- component in the Ukrainian language, tracing the fixation lexemes in lexicographic works of different time, starting from 1921. Thematic groups of such words have been revealed (14 of them were found). These are the words denoting science and their branches of national economy, methods, devices, mechanisms, objects of life, collections, names of vehicles and their parts, musical instruments, processes, actions, graphic images, people specializing in the profession at the enterprises and institutions, substances and materials, attributes, properties, qualities.

Having compared the interpretation of these terms in the dictionaries published in different times, the expansion and narrowing of some semantic structures of words, the disappearance of separate lexemes in modern use, and the emergence of new ones have been noticed. The question arises whether it is expedient to replace such words with national equivalents, as we observe today in other Slavic languages. The dependence of words with the electro- component to various scientific fields has been determined.

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