The article presents the process of development and research of an IoT-based automated plant irrigation system, which relies on measuring soil moisture levels. As the main module, the ESP32 DevKit v1 microcontroller was used, providing wireless data transmission via Wi-Fi. The device is connected to digital air temperature and humidity sensors DHT11 and DS18B20, as well as a capacitive soil moisture sensor. To implement water supply, a 5 V pump with transistor control is applied.
Data collection and visualization are performed using the ThingsBoard Cloud IoT platform with the MQTT protocol. The software was developed in the PlatformIO environment integrated with Visual Studio Code, ensuring compatibility with the Arduino Framework.
The system was tested under real operating conditions: according to the measurements, the sensor accuracy was within acceptable errors of ±5%, the average initialization time of the device was about 8 seconds, and telemetry was transmitted to the platform at 30-second intervals. The system demonstrated stable performance under varying environmental conditions and has potential for application in smart agricultural solutions.
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