Законодавчі вимоги до виявлення фальсифікації молока в Україні

2025;
: cc. 270 - 277

Цитування за ДСТУ: Сибірна Р., Сибірний А., Грицак З. (2025) Законодавчі вимоги до виявлення фальсифікації молока в Україні. Вісник Національного університету «Львівська політехніка». Серія: "Юридичні науки". Том. 12, № 2 (46), С. 270 - 277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23939/law2025.46.270

Citation APA: Sybirnа R., Sybirnyy А., Hrytsak Z. (2025) Legislative Requirements for Detection of Milk Counterfeit in Ukraine. Bulletin of Lviv Polytechnic National University. Series: Legal Sciences. Vol. 12, No 2 (46), pp. 270 - 277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23939/law2025.46.270

1
Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”, Львівський державний університет внутрішніх справ
2
Львівський національний медичний університет Імені Данила Галицького
3
Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»

The article, based on scientific literature, expert research and current legislation of Ukraine, analyzes the concept and content of falsification of goods, in particular milk, during the examination. The features of the purpose and conduct of commodity examination in order to detect falsified dairy products are highlighted. The main methods of falsification of milk are analyzed. In particular, qualitative analysis of the determination of soda using indicators in milk, determination of the presence of biopolymers (starch, flour and others) in milk by heat treatment, as well as a qualitative method for determining the presence of hydrogen peroxide in dairy products. The study analyzed the responsibility for violation of consumer protection legislation, as well as for falsification of milk and dairy products.

Changes to the Requirements for the safety and quality of milk and dairy products, which provide for clear rules for the sale of milk, mechanisms for conducting laboratory research and testing raw milk for antibiotic residues, freezing point and alkaline phosphatase during the study of milk after heat treatment, were worked out. An important moment was the approval of the specific functions of the national reference laboratory, which is designed to provide organizational and methodological guidance, as well as advisory and practical assistance to the network of laboratories authorized to test raw milk within the framework of the raw milk control program.

  1. Vasylchak, S. V. (2004). Segmentaciya rynku moloka ta problemy pidvyshhennya yakosti molochnoyi produkciyi [Segmentation of the milk market and problems of improving the quality of dairy products] Naukovyj visnyk Ukrayinskogo derzhavnogo lisotexnichnogo universytetu. 14.7. P. 325–330. [In Ukrainian].
  2. Dubinina, A. A. (2010). Metody vyznachennya falsyfikaciyi tovariv: pidruchnyk [Methods of determining the counterfeiting of goods: textbook]. K.: Vydavnychyj dim “Profesional”, p. 176–188. [In Ukrainian].
  3. Donczova, I. V., Girnyak, L. I., Lebedynecz, V. T., Bodak, M. P. Problemy yakosti pytnogo moloka riznyx tovarovyrobnykiv. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Vlca_2011_12_25 [In Ukrainian].
  4. Vorobecz, M. M., Sachko, A. V., Kobasa, I. M. Identyfikaciya ta metody vyyavlennya falsyfikaciyi: navch. posib. [Identification and methods of detecting falsification: textbook]. Chernivci: Cherniveczkyj nacz. un-t im. Yuriya Fedkovycha, 2017. 96 p. [In Ukrainian].
  5. Lyapun, N. M., Kovalenko, N. V. (2020). Identyfikaciya tovariv ta vyznachennya falsyfikaciyi produkciyi pry provedenni sudovoyi tovaroznavchoyi ekspertyzy. [Identification of goods and determination of falsification of products during forensic examination] Molodyj vchenyj. Yurydychni nauky. 8 (84). P. 240–243. [In Ukrainian].
  6. Malygina, V. D. (2009). Osnovy ekspertyzy prodovolchyx tovariv: Navch. pos. [Basics of examination of food products: textbook]. K.: Kondor. 296 p. [In Ukrainian].
  7. On the protection of consumer rights: Law of Ukraine No. 1023-XII (1991, May 12). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1023-12#Text (Accessed: 27.04.2025). [In Ukrainian].
  8. Smolyar, V. I. (2005). Xarchova ekspertyza: pidruch. [Food expertise: textbook]. K.: Zdorov’ya, 448 p. [In Ukrainian].
  9. Chagarovskyj, O. P. Falsyfikaciya moloka. Metody vyznachennya. Praktychni rekomendaciyi. Navchalnyj posibnyk. [Adulteration of milk. Methods of determination: textbook] / O. P. Chagarovskyj, N. A. Tkachenko, T. A. Lysogor. K.: NUХТ, 2016.  P. 127. [In Ukrainian].
  10. On the approval of the Instructions on the appointment and conduct of forensic examinations and expert studies and  Scientific and methodological recommendations on the preparation and appointment of forensic examinations and expert studies: Order of the Ministry of Justice No.  53/5. (1998, October, 8). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0705-98#Text (Accessed: 27.04.2025).  [In Ukrainian].
  11. Pro vnesennya zmin do nakazu Minahropolityky: Nakaz Minahropolityky vid 12 bereznya 2019 roku No. 118 Data onovlennya: 30.10.2024. Retrieved from:  https://zakononline.com.ua/documents/show/529461_774503  (Accessed: 27.04.2025).  [In Ukrainian].