Problem statement. The widespread use of electromagnetic drives in vibratory conveyors is limited by a lack of simple excitation frequency and phase control. Existing reversible conveyors typically rely on inertial or eccentric drives, which require full equipment stops for mechanical adjustments of the motion trajectory. Purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop a novel reversible vibratory conveyor with an electromagnetic drive, enabling the dynamic adjustment of complex motion trajectories using standard power supply configurations. Methodology. A dynamic electromechanical model of a two-mass vibratory conveyor with three circularly arranged alternating current electromagnets was developed. To accurately model the dynamics, nonlinear differential equations of motion—accounting for coil inductances and pulsed voltage variations—were formulated and solved using numerical methods for stiff systems (Radau). Findings. The circular electromagnet arrangement, combined with round connecting rods, ensures identical bending stiffness in all excitation directions. Simulation results demonstrated that the system successfully realizes directed rectilinear, circular, and elliptical motion trajectories. Furthermore, by applying independent phase control via pulse-width modulation (PWM), it became possible to dynamically alter the trajectory inclination angle (e.g., from 23.5° to 41°) and the ellipse's minor axis directly during operation. Originality. The structural integration of a circular three-electromagnet exciter with a round-rod two-mass system enables independent control of the nominal voltage and initial phase for each electromagnet, ultimately creating a fully controllable planar motion vector. Practical value. This design significantly enhances the efficiency of precise batch dosing and continuous transportation of bulk materials. The ability to rapidly alter oscillation parameters and reverse the conveying direction without mechanical reconfiguration significantly increases technological flexibility. Future research directions. The developed mathematical model provides a solid basis for future tasks of optimal synthesis, specifically determining power-optimal supply conditions and implementing adaptive control algorithms based on continuous energy monitoring.
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