Activated carbon from Cocos nucifera leaves agrowaste was derived. The effect of impregnation ratio was studied by chemical activation method using phosphoric acid as an activating agent. Activated carbon was produced at the activation temperature of 673 K by slow pyrolysis. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms study was performed. Effect of impregnation ratio on the yield, methylene blue number, iodine number, and acid adsorption was studied. The FT-IR spectra show the presence of activated carbon. The TGA investigation reveals that activated carbon is thermally stable at 723 K. The SEM images show the incorporation of activated carbon particles which lead to the systematic change in the morphology of activated carbon. Surface chemistry study predicts the acidic and basic functional groups of Cocos nucifera leaves activated carbon.
[1] Mozammel H., Masahiro O. and Bhattacharya S.: Biomass Bioenergy, 2002, 22, 397.
[2] Hu Z. and Srinivasan M.: Mesopor. Mater., 1999, 27, 11.
[3] Sekar M., Sakthi V. and Rengaraj S.: J. Coll. Interface Sci., 2004, 279, 307.
[4] Diao Y., Walawender W. and Fan L.: Bioresour. Technol., 2002, 81, 45.
[5] Baquero M., Giraldo L., Moreno J. et al.: J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2003, 70, 779.
[6] Srinivasakannan C. and Bakar M.: Biomass Bioenergy, 2004, 27, 89.
[7] Gomez-Serrano V., Cuerda-Correa E. et al.: Mater. Lett., 2005, 59, 846.
[8] Puziy A., Poddubnaya O., Martinez-Alonso M. et al.: Carbon, 2005, 43, 2857.
[9] Wibowo N., Setiyadhi L., Wibowo D. et al.: J. Hazard. Mater., 2007, 146, 237.
[10] Teng H., Yeh T. and Hsu L.: Carbon, 1998, 36, 1387.
[11] Rodriguez-Reinoso F. and Molina-Sabio M.: Carbon, 1992, 30, 1111.
[12] Jagtoyen M. and Derbyshire F.: Carbon, 1998, 36, 1085.
[13] Wibowo N., Setiyadhi L., Wibowo D. et al.: J. Hazard. Mater., 2007, 146, 237.
[14] Figueiredo J., Pereira M. Freitas M. and Orfao J.: Carbon, 1999, 37, 1379.
[15] Boehm H.: Carbon, 1994, 32, 759.
[16] Guo Y. and Rockstraw D.: Carbon, 2006, 44, 1464.
[17] Boonamnuavitaya V., Sae-Ung S. and Tanthapanichakoon W.: Sep. Purif. Technol., 2003, 42, 159.
[18] Wu F., Tseng R. and Hu C.: Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2005, 80, 95.