1. JCCT
  2. All Volumes and Issues
  3. Volume 13, Number 4, 2019
  4. Determination of Heavy Elements (Pb, Cd, Cu and Cr) Concentration in some Water Sources

Determination of Heavy Elements (Pb, Cd, Cu and Cr) Concentration in some Water Sources

JCCT.
2019;
Volume 13, Number 4
: pp. 471 - 476
https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht13.04.471
Authors:
  1. Mohammed A. B. Abdul Jabar
  2. Sohaib Kamal Mahmood Al-Kamal
1
Al-Karkh University of Science, College of Science, Department of Microbiology
2
Al-Karkh University of Science, College of Science, Department of Microbiology

This study focuses on identifying some of the heavy and toxic elements concentration in several sources of water in Diyala Governorate in Iraq, such as the Diyala River and the Khіrisan River. The samples of tap water and bottled drinking water were taken three water wells from and two companies. The elements under study were: lead, cadmium, copper and chromium. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy has been used to determine the concentrations. It was determined that copper concentrations are within normal limits and satisfy Iraqi and world health organization standards for drinking water, whereas the concentrations of lead, chromium, and cadmium are higher than the standard limits.

metal
lead
cadmium
copper
Chromium
  1. Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Planning, National Development Plan (Environmental Statistics report), 2013-2017. http://www.nationalplanningcycles.org/sites/default/files/planning_cycle...
  2. Mashkhool M.: M.Sc thesis, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland-Australia, 2012.
  3. Järup L.: Br. Med. Bull., 2003, 68, 167. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldg032
  4. WHO. Guidelines for drinking-water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first addendum, 2017, 178-203.
  5. Drinking-Water Standard IQS: 417, Central Organization for Quality Control and Standardization, Council of Ministers, Republic of Iraq, 2001.
  6. Jaishankar M., Tseten T. et al.: Interdiscip. Toxicol., 2014, 7, 60. https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2014-0009
  7. Preuss HG, A review of persistent, J Am Coll Nutr, 1993, 12, 246. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1993.10718306
  8. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological profile for lead. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Atlanta 1999.
  9. Eisler R.: Handbook of Chemical Risk Assessment: Health Hazards to Humans, Plants and Animals. Lewis Publishers, New York 2000.
  10. Borges D., da Veiga M., Frescura V. et al.: J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2003, 18, 501. https://doi.org/10.1039/B209680C
  11. Brama M., Gnessi L., Basciani S., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 2007, 264, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2006.10.013}
  12. Mortada W., Sobh M., El-Defrawy M.: Med. Sci. Monit., 2004, 10, CR112-6.
  13. Satarug S., Nishijo M., Ujjin P. et al.: Environ. Health Perspect., 2004, 112, 1512. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7192
  14. Razic S., Dogo S.: Chemosphere, 2010, 78, 451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.028
  15. O'Flaherty E.: Scand. J. Work Environ. Health, 1993, 19, 124.
  16. Hashem E., Seleim M., El-Zohry A.: Green Chem. Lett. Rev., 2011, 4, 241. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2010.546370
  17. Essa A. et al.: J. Faculty of Basic Educat., Univ. of Mustansiriya, 2012, 75, 221.
  18. Abdulwahid K.: Int. J. Curr. Res., 2016, 8, 33108.
  19. Paolo Z., Aaron D., Frank F.: J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc., 2015, 65, 171. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2014.981317
  20. Al-Sabbak M., Sadik S., Savabi O. et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Tox., 2012, 89, 937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0817-2
  21. Grandjean P., Landrigan P.: Lancet Neurology, 2014, 13, 330. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70278-3
  22. Al Obaidy M., Al-Mashhady A., Awad E. et al.: Int. J. Adv. Res., 2014, 2, 1039.
  23. Ali Mutar H., Dhakil H., Abed S.: Al-Anbar J. Veterinary Sci., 2013, 6, 224.