Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 8. Prospects of Using Formaldehyde Modified Tars in Road Construction

2023;
: pp. 701 - 710
1
Lviv Polytechnic National University
2
Lviv Polytechnic National University
3
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
4
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
5
Lviv Polytechnic National University

Modification of tars with formalin (37 % aqueous solution of formaldehyde) was carried out using various acids as process catalysts with the aim of obtaining new binding materials for road construction. H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4, and СH3COOH were used as catalysts. The modification process was carried out in the temperature range of 378-403 K and for a duration of 0.6-1.0 h. The rheological properties of tars modified with formaldehyde at 333, 343, and 353 K were studied and a comparison of the rheological properties of the obtained bituminous binder materials with oxidized bitumens was carried out.

  1. Porto, M.; Caputo, P.; Loise, V.; Eskandarsefat, S.; Teltayev, B.; Oliviero Rossi, C. Bitumen and Bitumen Modification: A Review on Latest Advances. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 742-777. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9040742
  2. Hunter, R.N.; Self, A.; Read, J. The Shell Bitumen Handbook; Ice Publishing: London, 2015; pp 1-463. ISBN: 0 7277 3220 X
  3. Wręczycki, J.; Demchuk, Y.; Bieliński, D.M.; Bratychak, M.; Gunka, V.; Anyszka, R.; Gozdek, T. Bitumen Binders Modified with Sulfur/Organic Copolymers. Materials 2022, 15, 1774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15051774
  4. Baldino, N.; Gabriele, D.; Lupi, F.R.; Rossi, C.O.; Caputo, P.; Falvo, T. Rheological Effects On Bitumen Of Polyphosphoric Acid (PPA) Addition. Constr. Build. Mater. 2013, 40, 397-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.001
  5. Özdemir, D.K. High and Low Temperature Rheological Characteristics of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid Modified Bitumen. Constr. Build. Mater. 2021, 301, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124041
  6. Peng, C.; Chen, P.; You, Z.; Lv, S.; Zhang, R.; Xu, F.; Chen, H. Effect Of Silane Coupling Agent On Improving The Adhesive Properties Between Asphalt Binder And Aggregates. Constr. Build. Mater. 2018, 169, 591-600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.186
  7. Cuadri, A.A.; Partal, P.; Navarro, F.J.; García-Morales, M.; Gallegos, C. Bitumen Chemical Modification by Thiourea Dioxide. Fuel 2011, 90, 2294-2300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.02.035
  8. Bagshaw, S.A.; Kemmitt, T.; Waterland, M.; Brooke, S. Effect of Blending Conditions on Nano-Clay Bitumen Nanocomposite Properties. Road Mater. Pavement Des. 2019, 20, 1735-1756. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.1468802
  9. Dehouche, N.; Kaci, M.; Mouillet, V. The Effects of Mixing Rate on Morphology and Physical Properties of Bitumen/Organo-Modified Montmorillonite Nanocomposites. Constr. Build. Mater. 2016, 114, 76-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.151
  10. Mamuye, Y.; Liao, M.C.; Do, N.D. Nano-Al2O3 Composite on Intermediate and High Temperature Properties of Neat and Modified Asphalt Binders and Their Effect on Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures. Constr. Build. Mater. 2022, 331, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127304
  11. Gunka, V.; Prysiazhnyi, Yu.; Hrynchuk, Yu.; Sidun, I.; Dem-chuk, Yu.; Shyshchak, O.; Bratychak, M. Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 2. Bitumen Modified with Maleic Anhydride. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2021, 15, 443-449. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.03.443
  12. Geckil, T.; Seloglu, M. Performance Properties of Asphalt Modified with Reactive Terpolymer. Constr. Build. Mater. 2018, 173, 262-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.036
  13. Starchevskyy, V.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Matcipura, P.; Reutskyy, V. Influence of Initiators on the Adhesion Properties of Bitumen Mod-ified by Natural Origin Epoxide. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2021, 15, 142-147. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.01.142
  14. Ivashkiv, O.; Astakhova, O.; Shyshchak, O.; Plonska-Brzezinska, M.; Bratychak, M. Structure and Application of ED-20 Epoxy Resin Hydroxy-Containing Derivatives in Bitumen-Polymeric Blends. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2015, 9, 69-76. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht09.01.069
  15. Gunka, V.; Demchuk, Y.; Pyshyev, S.; Starovoit, A.; Lypko, Y. The Selection of Raw Materials for the Production of Road Bitumen Modified by Phenol-Cresol-Formaldehyde Resins. Pet. Coal 2018, 60, 1199-1206.
  16. Demchuk, Y.; Gunka, V.; Sidun, I.; Solodkyy, S. Comparison of Bitumen Modified by Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Synthesized from Different Raw Materials. Proc. of EcoComfort. 2020, 100, 95-102 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57340-9_1
  17. Shi, X.; Zhang, H.; Bu, X.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, H.; Kang, H. Performance Evaluation of BDM/Unsaturated Polyester Resin-Modified Asphalt Mixture for Application in Bridge Deck Pave-ment. Road Mater. Pavement Des. 2022, 23, 684-700. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2020.1828154
  18. Gunka, V.; Sidun, I.; Solodkyy, S.; Vytrykush, N. Hot Asphalt Concrete with Application of Formaldehyde Modified Bitumen. Lect. Notes Civ. Eng. 2019, 47, 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27011-7_14
  19. Gunka, V.; Demchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Kochubei, V.; Shved, M.; Romanchuk, V.; Korchak, B. Chemical Modification of Road Oil Bitumens by Formaldehyde. Pet. Coal 2020, 62, 420-429.
  20. Bratychak, M.; Gunka, V.; Prysiazhnyi, Y.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Demchuk, Y.; Shyshchak, O. Production of Bitumen Modified with low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 1. Effect of Solvent Nature on the Properties of Petroleum Residues Modified with Folmaldehyde. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2021, 15, 274-283. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.02.274
  21. Grynyshyn, O.; Donchenko, M.; Khlibyshyn, Yu.; Poliak, O. Investigation of Petroleum Bitumen Resistance to Aging. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2021, 15, 438-442. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.03.438
  22. Gunka, V.; Prysiazhnyi, Y.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Demchuk, Y.; Shyshchak, O.; Bratychak, M. Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 3. Tar Modified with Formaldehyde. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2021, 15, 608-620. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.04.608
  23. Gunka, V.; Bilushchak, H.; Prysiazhnyi, Y.; Demchuk, Y.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Bratychak, M. Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 4. Determining the Optimal Conditions for Tar Modification with Formaldehyde and Properties of the Modified Products. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2022, 16, 142-149. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht16.01.142
  24. Gunka, V.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Demchuk, Y.; Donchenko, M.; Prysiazhnyi, Y.; Reutskyy V.; Astakhova O. Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 7. Study of the Structure of Formaldehyde Modified Tars. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2023, 17, 211-220. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht17.01.211
  25. Pstrowska, K.; Gunka, V.; Prysiazhnyi, Y.; Demchuk, Y.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Kułażyński, M.; Bratychak, M. Obtaining of Formaldehyde Modified Tars and Road Materials on Their Basis. Materials 2022, 15, 5693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165693
  26. Gunka, V.; Demchuk, Y.; Sidun, I.; Miroshnichenko, D.; Nyakuma, B.; Pyshyev, S. Application of Phenol-Cresol-Formaldehyde Resin as an Adhesion Promoter for Bitumen and Asphalt Concrete. Road Mater. Pavement Des. 2021, 22, 2906-2918. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2020.1808518
  27. Pyshyev, S.; Demchuk, Y.; Poliuzhyn, I.; Kochubei, V. Obtaining and Use Adhesive Promoters to Bitumen from the Phenolic Fraction of Coal Tar. Int. J Adhes. Adhes. 2022, 118, 103191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2022.103191
  28. DSTU 4044:2019 (National Standard of Ukraine), Viscous Petroleum Road Bitumens. Specification, 2019.
  29. DSTU 9116:2021 (National Standard of Ukraine), Bitumen and bituminous binders. Polymer Modified Road Bitumen. Specification, 2022.
  30. SОU 42.1-37641918-068:2017 (Organization Standard of Ukraine), Viscous Road Bitumen, Modified Additives Based On Waxes. Specifications, 2017.
  31. SOU 45.2-00018112-067:2011 (Organization Standard of Ukraine), Construction materials. Pavement grade viscous bitu-men’s, modified by adhesion promoters. Specifications, 2011.
  32. DSTU EN 13302:2019 (National Standard of Ukraine), Bitu-men and bituminous binders. Determination of Dynamic Viscosity of Bituminous Binder Using a Rotating Spindle Apparatus, 2020.
  33. DSTU EN 12591:2017 (National Standard of Ukraine), Bitu-men and bituminous binders. Specifications for Paving Grade Bitumens, 2017.