extraction

Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Toluene and Humic Acid Extract from Brown Coal

Lignite (brown coal) is a promising source of humic acids (HAs) and toluene-soluble extracts (bitumen "A"), which have applications as soil conditioners/biostimulants (HAs) and hydrophobic coatings or polymer additives (toluene extract). This study optimized their sequential extraction from Ukrainian lignite, evaluating yield trade-offs and structural properties. Four extraction variants were tested. Conventional toluene-first extraction (Variant 0) yielded the highest toluene extract (14.86 wt. %), but lower HAs (41.0 wt.

Obtaining Biologically Active Compounds by Extraction of Valerian Roots

An effective method of obtaining biologically active substances from plant raw materials without changing their optical isomerism is extraction. The investigation results of achieving equilibrium conditions for isovaleric acid extraction from valerian roots and rhizomes are presented. The effect of the isovaleric acid chemical structure and extractant nature on achieving equilibrium conditions is shown.

Mathematical modeling of the extraction process of target components from yeast biomass

A generalized mathematical model of the process of extraction of target components from yeast biomass (carbohydrates, lipids and ribonucleic acids)has been developed on the basis of experimental studies.  It is substantiated that the theoretical provisions are satisfactorily consistent with the experimental results of the research.  The obtained model allows to describe with sufficient accuracy the kinetics of extraction of carbohydrates, lipids and ribonucleic acids from yeast biomass, to determine the yield of the extract and to predict the optimal time of extraction

STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOSURFACTANT FROM THE CULTURE LIQUID OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS SP. IN THE EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF THYMUS SERPYLLUM L.

This work presents a study of the effectiveness of biosurfactant from the culture liquid of Bacillus subtilis sp. on the extraction of biologically active substances in the extraction of thyme Thymus serpyllum L. Ethanol extracts of plant material were obtained by maceration with the addition of biosurfactant in the amount of 0.01% to 0.1% and a corresponding increase in the yield of extractive substances was recorded by the gravimetric method in the range from 2 to 12 %.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS

The peculiarity of solid bodies of organic origin, in contrast to solid bodies of mineral origin, is that their internal structure is characterized by the presence of two spaces - cellular and intercellular. Such bodies tend to swell upon contact with the extractant. The phenomenon of swelling, during extraction, is always accompanied by the dissolution of target substances contained in the cellular and intercellular space.

Physical and Mathematical Models of Target Component Extraction from Rectlinear Capillaries

The extraction of the solid component from the rectilinear capillary has been investigated. The presence of two extraction zones (convective and molecular diffusion) was confirmed. The effect of the system vacuumizing on the extraction rate has been studied. The convection zone during vacuumizing was found to be increased due to the appearance of the vapor phase bubbles. The mass transfer coefficients for the convective zone have been determined.

Research of grinding degree influence and polar solvents nature on the efficiency of oil withdrawal from vegetable raw material using extraction method.

The article presents results of experimental data of a study of the extraction process of vegetable oil from soybean and rapeseed in a stationary layer, held using a Soxhlet apparatus. Polar solvents such as methylene chloride and ethanol were used as the extractants. The influence of the grinding degree of the particles of vegetable raw material on the oil yield were investigated. Solvents’ nature impact on the efficiency of the processis established. The results of quantitative analysis are presented in the form of graphical dependencies with the presence of basic process parameters.

Oil extraction from the sunflower seeds, mechanism and kinetics of the process

The results of the research of extraction of oil from the none-crushed and crushed sunflower seeds of different fractions by the method of extraction are presented. The mechanism of extraction and process kinetics is investigated. It has been shown that the process of extracting oil from sunflower seeds is complex and consists of both intra-diffusion and external-diffusion transfer of oil. It is stated that the process is similar to the extraction of the target components from the seeds of most types of plant raw materials.

PROBLEM OF DISPOSAL OF ORGANOCHLORINE WASTE OF VINYL CHLORIDE PRODUCTION

The sources of organochlorine waste formation, its toxicity, and environmental impact are analyzed, and methods of its disposal are considered. The composition of insoluble compounds in the stillage residues of the dichloroethane rectification stage before incineration is determined, and the method of their extraction is proposed.