ultrasound

Study of the Influence of Ultrasonic Waves on the Sorption Capacity of Enriched Bentonite of the Cherkasy Deposit in Relation to Copper Ions

The research subject was bentonite clay of layer II from the Dashukivka area of the Cherkasy deposit. The clay was enriched with montmorillonite using sedimentation, followed by the production of particles with a fraction size of $\leq 0.001 мм$. Both natural montmorillonite and the nature of isomorphic substitutions in its structure were confirmed through X-ray diffraction and comprehensive thermal analyses. The activation of montmorillonite-rich bentonite clay was achieved through ultrasonic waves.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver-Gold Binary System by Galvanic Replacement in an Ultrasonic Field

The conditions for the synthesis of colloidal solutions of silver nanoparticles by galvanic replacement in an ultrasonic field and the AgAuNP binary system by galvanic replacement have been studied. It has been shown that colloidal solutions of stabilized nanoparticles with absorption maxima at 410 nm (AgNPs) and 540...560 nm (AgAuNPs) are formed in solutions of sodium polyacrylate and metal precursors of AgNO3 and H[AuCl4]. The synthesized AgAuNPs are spherical in shape and their size does not exceed 20 nm.

Degradation of Congo Red Using Periodate, Activated by Ultrasound and Iron(II)

The periodate, activated by the combination of ultrasound and Fe(II), was used for oxidative degradation of an anionic diazo dye of congo red (CR). The effect of the main factors (the initial pH, the molar ratio of CR:KIO4:FeSO4, the amount of Fe(II), and the specific power of ultrasonic cavitation treatment) on its degradation efficiency was analyzed.

Demulsification Methods for Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions. A Review

Demulsification (dehydration) is one of the most important problems in the oil industry. The peculiarity of heavy oil emulsions is their high stability since heavy crude contains a significant quantity of resins and asphaltenes. This paper provides an overview of the issue of heavy oil emulsion dehydration, emphasizing the importance of understanding their properties to develop appropriate demulsification methods. The use of environmentally friendly demulsifiers was an object of special attention.

Activated Periodates and Sodium Percarbonate in Advanced Oxidation Processes of Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Media: A Review

The methods of periodates and sodium percarbonate activation are considered for planning strategic approaches to increasing the efficiency and intensity of oxidative degradation of organic pollutants in aquatic environments. A classification of periodate activation methods is proposed, including activation methods by external energy effects, catalytic activation methods, and other activation methods (e.g., by hydrogen peroxide, by hydroxylamine, activation in alkaline medium). Activation methods for sodium percarbonate were divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous activation methods.

CAVITATION DESTRUCTION OF PENICILLIN G SODIUM SALT IN WASTEWATER

The results of studying the regularities of cavitation destruction of organic compounds in hospital wastewater are presented. It was found that under cavitation conditions, the effective reaction rate constant for the destruction of organic compounds increases by ten times compared to the action of oxygen itself. It is shown that the process of cavitation destruction of organic compounds can be described by a first-order kinetic equation.

Sorption of copper ions with natural clinoptilolite under the action of ultrasound in the isothermal mode

The sorption of copper ions from a solution of copper(II) sulfate by the native form of natural clinoptilolite under mechanical stirring and under the action of ultrasonic radiation of different power and under different modes of process implementation (continuous and cyclic) was investigated. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that ultrasonic vibrations significantly intensify the diffusion processes in the studied system.

Perspectives of Treatment of Water Environments from Pollutants with Ultrasound-Activated Bentonites

The paper analyzes the perspectives for natural sorbents to be used in environmental technologies. The object of the study is the clay rock from the left side of the upper Pivdennyi Bug river (in the vicinity of the Khmelnytskyi city). The rock was enriched in montmorillonite by centrifugation of a clay suspension to obtain the fraction with a size of less than 5∙10-6 m. The researchers defined the mineral composition of the enriched clay based on the findings of the X-ray diffraction and complex thermal analyses.

Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, and In Silico Molecular Docking of Chitosan from Snail Shell Waste by Ultrasonic Technique

Snails are often found in Indonesia, especially at Kediri, but the snail shell has no commercial value. This research report describes the characterization and antioxidant activity of chitosan from snail shell waste (chitosan-SSW) by ultrasonic technique and analyzes the potential of chitosan as an inhibitor of receptors of free radicals using an in silico molecular docking method.

Оxidative destruction of benzene in the conditions of unstationary cavitation excitation

The threshold value of the energy required for the decomposition of benzene after the cessation of cavitation has been established. The regularities of the oxidative destruction of benzene in the cyclic mode "cavitation-exposure" were established. The possibility of destruction of benzene in case of initiation of the process by introducing a certain amount of its cavitationally activated part into the water-benzene medium is shown. The role of oxygen in the cavitation decomposition of benzene was experimentally confirmed.