transesterification

Kinetic Aspects of Catalytic Interactions Involving Pentyl Acetate and Ethanolamine

A conversion scheme for pentyl acetate, ethanolamine, and the products resulting from their interaction through aminolysis, transesterification, and O-N-acyl migration reactions catalyzed by homogeneous and heterogeneous Brønsted-Lowry bases and acids is proposed. It has been determined that acid and base catalysts significantly enhance the aminolysis reaction of esters with amino alcohols when compared to the non-catalytic process. The impact of the catalyst on each reaction has been assessed.

Clay Enriched With Ca2+ and Cu2+ As the Catalyst for the Production of Methyl Esters from CPO on a Laboratory Scale

Indarung clay (Indarung region, Indonesia) has been successfully enriched with Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions. XRF, XRD, FTIR, and SAA analyses confirmed that calcination process had no significant effect on improving its performance so that the clay was simply heated at 383 K before use. Measurements using AAS showed that the clay is enriched with Cu2+ ions more easily than Ca2+ ions.

Biodiesel Synthesis from the Used Cooking Oil Using CaO Catalyst Derived from Waste Animal Bones

The synthesis of biodiesel from the used cooking oil with CaO catalyst from waste animal bones has been investigated. The content of free fatty acids (FFA) in the used cooking oil was reduced by adsorption using activated charcoal from a salak peel. Biodiesel synthesis was carried out via transesterification using CaO catalyst. The CaO catalyst was obtained from waste animal bones calcined in the Ney Vulcan furnace. The effect of calcination temperature was studied in the range of 873‒1273 K. The effect of catalyst loading was investigated by varying within the range of 1‒9 wt %.

Acrylic plant oil-based monomers with high content of oleic acid esters

New acrylic monomers were obtained via transesterification of olive, canola, and high-oleic soybean oils by N-hydroxyethylacrylamide. The kinetic features of homopolymerization of these monomers were studied and the influence of linoleic (C18: 2) and linolenic (C18: 3) acid esters on the polymerization rate and the molecular weight of homopolymers were compared.

Development of Heterogeneous Alkali Methoxide Catalyst from Fly Ash and Limestone

This study is aimed to use fly ash and limestone as raw materials for preparing alkali methoxide heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification of palm oil into biodiesel. The heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized from fly ash and limestone through wet and dry methods and calcined within 1073–1273 K. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses indicated the well-dispersed presence of the Ca(OCH3)2 crystal over the fly ash and limestone framework, which was mixed using wet method and calcined at 1073 K (W-800).

SYNTHESIS OF (ACRYLOYLAMINO) ETHYL OLEATE FROM TRIGLYCERIDES OF OLIVE OIL AND ITS FREE-RADIAL HOMO- AND COPOLYMERIZATION

In the last decade, attention to the synthesis of plant-based monomers has been grown, due to their biocompatibility, non-toxicity, also their renewal. Polymers based on them can be used as an alternative to conventional polymers of petrochemical origin, to produce composites, coatings and other materials especially those that are used to decorate the interiors of houses and offices. There is a growing interest in plant oil-based monomers. A range of the hydrophobic monomers that are used to obtain paints, adhesives, plasticizers, coatings etc. were synthesized.

Starch Fatty Esters for Potential Use in Petroleum Industry

The aim of this study was to obtain and characterize starch fatty esters with variations in the hydrophilic/lipophilic balance and to assess whether these samples have potential application in oil-based drilling fluids. The variation in the hydrophobicity of the samples was verified by means of viscosity tests, which suggested that the products had varied solubility parameters, near the value of the solvent n-paraffin.

Comparison of Power-Ecological Characteristics of Diesel Engine Work on Mixed Diesel Fuels on the Basis of Ethyl Esters of Rapeseed and Sunflower Oils

Power-ecological characteristics of diesel engine work on ethyl esters of rapeseed and sunflower oils and their blends with mineral diesel have been studied. Acceptable power and high environmental performance of the engine work on the studied fuels have been established. It is shown that fuels on the basis of sunflower oil are slightly inferior to fuel on the basis of rapeseed oil in energy performance but surpasses them in environmental performance.