optimal control

In this paper, we propose a mathematical model that describes the effect of rumors on the success of vaccination programs against Covid-19 in an environment infected by the coronavirus.  The aim of this study is to highlight the role of addressing the spread of rumors regarding vaccination risks and booster doses in the success of vaccination programs and in achieving herd immunity.  Additionally, we formulate an optimal control problem by proposing several strategies, including awareness and anti-rumor programs, to assist country officials in achieving successful vacci

In this study, we propose a discrete time mathematical model (SEIQR) that describes the dynamics of monkeypox within a human population.  The studied population is divided into five compartments: susceptible ($S$), exposed ($E$), infected ($I$), quarantined ($Q$), and recovered ($R$).  Also, we propose an optimal strategy to fight against the spread of this epidemic.  In this sense we use three controls which represent: 1) the awarness of vulnerable people through the media, civil society and education; 2) the quarantine of infected persons at home or, if required, in h

In this article, we propose a discrete mathematical model which describes the propagation of the drug phenomenon in a human population.  The population is unscrewed in five compartments: "$S$" People likely to become drug addicts, "$M$" Moderate drug addicts, "$H$" Heavy drug addicts, "$T$" People receiving drug addiction treatment, "$R$" The recovered people who have completely abstained from drug addiction.  Our goal is to find a better strategy to reduce the number of heavy addicts and to maximize the number of people receiving full treatment.  The tools of optimal c

Monkeypox is a contagious disease caused by the monkeypox virus.  There is currently an outbreak of monkeypox in the U.S.

In this paper, we propose a mathematical model of COVID-19 infection, taking into account the division of the population according to vaccination criteria.  Our goal is to demonstrate the positive effect of receiving the third dose of the Corona vaccine.  We proposed two strategies to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic respectively awareness programs on the importance of the third dose of the vaccine and the delivery of treatment to infected individuals who have health problems.  Pontryagin's maximum principle is applied in order to characterize the optimal contr

In this paper, we discuss a discrete mathematical model of Islamic polygamy and the social position of Muslims.  In eleven compartments we explain the social situation and give an explanation of the marital status of each Males and females in Islamic societies that allow polygamy.  In order to controlling and reducing the number of virgins men and women, divorced men and women we implement two control variables.  The first control characterizes the benefits of an awareness campaign to educate virgin men and women about the benefits marriage to the individual and society

This paper deals with a fractional optimal control problem model that describes the interactions between hepatitis B virus (HBV) with HBV DNA-containing capsids, liver cells (hepatocytes), and the cytotoxic T-cell immune response.  Optimal controls represent the effectiveness of drug therapy in inhibiting viral production and preventing new infections.  The optimality system is derived and solved numerically.  Our results also show that optimal treatment strategies reduce viral load and increase the number of uninfected cells, which improves the patient's quality of lif