утилізація

Одним з варіантів утилізації зношених автомобільних шин є низькотемпературний піроліз, цільовим продуктом якого є піроконденсат. Вивчено фракційний склад і властивості піроконденсату піролізу гумових відходів, отриманого на промисловій установці. Проведено розділення піроконденсату на бензинову та дизельну фракцію і залишок. Детально вивчено склад та властивості цих фракцій. Проведено рентгенофлуоресцентний аналіз та ІЧ-спектроскопічні дослідження піроконденсату і вузьких фракцій, виділених з нього.

Today, in Ukraine, there is a problem with solid waste disposal, especially in small towns. The lack of a developed system for the collection and disposal of solid waste, the presence of natural landfills instead of equipped landfills lead to the fact that small towns are abandoned. Therefore, the creation of a new solid waste management policy is an acute problem for these towns and villages.

В Україні разом із зростаючою потребою тоннажності виробництва легких наповнювачів, зростає потреба у сировинних ресурсах, адже більшу частину асортименту легких наповнювачів виготовляють з природної сировини.

The article is devoted to obtaining a porous filler from the slag of the Thermal Power Plant and investigation of the filtration method for the drying of slag and clay as main raw materials for preparing the charge for porous filler production. 

The article is devoted to the study of reducing the technogenic load on the environment due to the integrated processing of household metal scrap. A waste-free, resource-saving, and environmentally safe method is proposed for extracting technical products from tin cans scrap - iron (III) oxide, tin (II) complex, suitable for further use, as well as fertilizer for agricultural crops. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the direction of cans scrap recycling was selected with an assessment of the parameters and factors affecting the reagent process of scrap disposal.

For the municipal solid waste (MSW) to be used in a proper way, it is necessary to implement clean technologies capable of thermal treatment of MSW and RDF in order to produce heat and electricity while meeting current ecological requirements. Nowadays, a number of technologies for MSW/RDF thermal treating are being used worldwide. Among them, the most proven technologies, applicable for industrial introduction, have been considered while analyzing their advantages/ disadvantages accounting for local conditions of Ukraine.

The National Strategy and the National Waste Management Plan in Ukraine until 2030, the regional
program for solid waste management in the Ternopil region for 2018-2020 on the reality of conducting key infrastructure measures and achieving the desired result for society are studied. An improved version of the solid waste management scheme in the Ternopil region and a suitable scheme for solid waste management in the city of Ternopil within the regional complexes for the municipal waste recovery are proposed and the sources of their financing are substantiated.

In the article the estimation was conducted of ecological danger from the uncontrolled accumulation of arboreal wastes in the region of Pokutsko – Bukovinian Carpathians. The optimum terms of drying of wood wastes have been studied in an immobile layer. The optimum conditions are set of getting of fuel brequettes from wood wastes by the pressing method. As relating component  lignincontaining industrial wastes are used. The principal technological scheme  is offered of fuel granules production from wood wastes by the pressing method.

The problem of accumulation of spent sorbents is considered in the article; The main methods of desorption of pollutants and regeneration of sorbents are described; the effectiveness of the method of chemical desorption for extracting Nikel ions (II) from bentonite clays is investigated; the main ways of utilization of spent sorbents are considered

The paper presents the results of sewage sludge and carbon mud waste analysis. The conception of complex thermal utilization of sewage sludge and carbon mud was shown. On the basis of our study a granulated alternative fuel was created. Alternative fuels from sewage sludge co-processing help to reduce the usage of natural fuels in the cement industry and decrease the amount of unused waste.