Карпати

The paper analyzes the recent trends of horizontal and vertical displacements of Ukraine's territory based on the GeoTerrace and System.Net GNSS network data. This includes the construction of relevant movement maps and the selection of deformation zones of the upper crust. The object of research is horizontal and vertical deformations of the upper crust. The goal is to identify and analyze deformation zones in Ukraine's territory.

The purpose of the research is differentiation of recent geodynamic processes within the Carpathian Mountains on the basis of freely available GNSS data. Methodology. The methodology included GNSS data collection, processing and analysis. An algorithm for processing was proposed, which consisted of 5 main stages: transformation of data into an internal format, verification of time series for compliance with requirements, determination of horizontal velocities, division of the GNSS network into triangles, and determination of deformation parameters. Results.

Heat flow density changes from 35-40 mW/m2 in the south-western part of East-European Craton and the Carpathian foredeep to 50-60 mW/m2 in the Outer Carpathians and to 80-120 mW/m2 in the Pannonian basin. Several levels of thermal field reflect main stages of tectonic evolution and feature of lithosphere structure. High heat flow anomaly was created by Cenozoic geodynamic processes related to collision of the European plate and Alcape microplate.

The model of the geologic evolution of the Carpathians both in terms of the terrane analysis and in the light of the new data of the geologic mapping are represented.

The tectonic units of the Carpathians are considered in terms of the terrane analysis. The Flysch Carpathian nappes and Samdir molasse unit are regarded as the ancient accretionary prism. Growing the prism was caused by the Alpine subduction of the Carpathian Flysch basin basement beneath both the ALCAPA and Tisza-Dacia terranes. At the Cretaceous-Paleogene time the Fore-Marmarosh flysch prism was formed in the front of TiszaDacia terrane and the Pieniny Klippen Belt – Monastyrets–Magura – Duclya wedge was builded in the forland of ALCAPA one.

The tectonic units of the Carpathians are considered in terms of the terrain analysis. Carpathathian orogen is build up of three main elements: microcontinental terrains, sutures and flysch-molasse accretionary prism. There are two main terrains: a northern ALCAPA and a southern Tisza-Dacia. Sutures (Fore-Marmarosh suture, Pieniny Klippen Belt and others), marking the ancient oceanic basins, bound these terrains. The Flysch Carpathians are regarded as the Cretaceous-Neogene accretionary prism.

Purpose. The aim is to identify the structural forms of the lateral extrusion in the Western Ukrainian Carpathians and to create the preliminary conceptual model of its forming. Methodology. Methods of the geological mapping and structural analysis were used. The analysis of the fault-related folds and others deformations including melange, restoration of the stress fields by the standard method using the conjugate shear fractures and decryption of the satellite imagery played an important role especially in the diagnosis of the strike-slip zones.

Carpathian electrical conductivity anomaly (CEA) is traced by construction and analysis of induction vectors from which maximum possible depth (20-25 km) and integral conductance (about 108 Sm×m) were estimated. The true depth is determined by sounding methods: MTS over the axis of CEA was performed in only two areas in which properties of the AEC were different. Electric asthenosphere in Pannonian Basin begins at smaller depth (50-100 km) than on platforms (100-250 km), but results are not accurate, sometimes contradictory.