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The article clarifies the determining features of justice as a legal value through the prism of modern legal understanding. It is noted that justice is one of the most important problems of our time, which reflects the extremely complex dialectical processes of the legal development of global society. As a value, it forms the worldview attitudes of society, people's vision of their future, their eternal aspirations for harmony and perfection of social relations. And also allows to comprehensively understand the meaning and content of modern processes of state and law-making.

The article provides a theoretical and legal analysis of the definition of lawful behavior, an understanding of its criteria, types, mechanism of formation and implementation in modern circumstances. Lawful behavior as a type of social behavior is a complex process of human and law interaction. This interaction consists in the influence of law on the behavior of an individual who, guided by the value system established in his mind, chooses his own model of behavior.

The article examines the essence of the nature of the phenomenon of aggression and characterizes it as a determining factor of illegal human behavior. Various definitions of the concept of aggression as one of the internal deep-psychological determinants of behavior are considered. It is substantiated that aggression, as a predetermined and socially determined behavior, is inextricably linked with the satisfaction of the basic life needs of an individual.

Pedagogy is not the same. The main reason for the contradictory, different contents of the science of pedagogy in the methodology, presentation of the material. The methodology of scientific and didactic thought depends in most cases on the worldview of the author. In spiritual pedagogy, the canonical-legal worldview dominates. This worldview forms pedagogy on an ontological and spiritual basis. 

The article clarifies the philosophical and legal features of legal behavior as a factor of human self-affirmation in the postmodern era. Within the limits of philosophical and legal understanding, postmodernism should be considered in two aspects: conceptual-idealistic (as a theoretical concept) and nihilistic (as a modern social reality). According to the natural law theory, any behavior will be lawful if a person, exercising his natural rights, does not violate similar rights of other persons.

The article defines the impact of value orientations of law on the formation of human behavior through the prism of the main concepts of legal understanding. It has been found that the nature of legal values occurs in several alternative axiological approaches, of which the most well-founded are the objectivist and subjectivist concepts. Thus, the first determines that values exist objectively, that is, regardless of the subject's consciousness, and he only correctly or incorrectly evaluates them and applies them in everyday life.

The article outlines meaningful priorities that reveal the essence of identity, in particular, individual and social constants of identity are highlighted by means of philosophical and legal modeling of their interaction. It has been proven that the concept of identity has the potential of one of the most powerful concepts in today's globalized society. The phenomenon of identity is a unique prism through which the main spheres of human existence are understood, analyzed and interpreted.

The article substantiates the axiological and legal principles of environmental security in the modern world, clarifies the role of the value system of society in the socio-cultural mechanism of environmental security.

The article reveals the theoretical and conceptual dimensions, essential characteristics, subject definition of modern environmental consciousness as a philosophical and legal phenomenon.

Church law is often identified with canon law, just as the spirit is taken for the soul. In this regard, scientific discussions are taking place, as a result of which there is a search, research interests. We will begin with an analysis of two problems: 1) the categories of dialectics, which fix the degree of unity and difference between scientific concepts and 2) the metaanthropological components of human existence. That is, we will study ecclesiastical law from the standpoint of two alternative concepts - dialectics and metaphysics.