The article is devoted to the theoretical and legal characteristics of the essence of the police in the period of its reform and highlighting of certain positions of its official duties performance in the Russian-Ukrainian invasive war. The legal analysis of the main conditions and reasons is carried out according to which the qualitative reorganization of the organizational and legal essence of the police has been slowed down.
It is found out that the main reasons for non-implementation of the police improvement program are that the reformist ideas aimed at updating the patrol police functioning did not cover the entire system of its activities, primarily the investigative and operational staff of regional departments and their insufficient interaction with the police units and the public, as well as unsatisfactory re-certification of police officers, the content of the main principles of which was deprived of legislative consolidation, which has led to their mass appeal and protest.
In addition to these negative trends, the police have achieved some positive results in some positions aimed at reforming certain special units such as the Special Police Patrol Service – capable of universal professional service, ranging from the security police functions to the assault operations and the Rapid Operational Response Unit, the main tasks of which are related to the protection of public order, the evacuation of civilians and countering criminals and terrorists. The formation of cyber police is equally important in the police activity whose task is to combat cybercrime.
Studying the police activities in the martial law since the first days of full-scale Russian aggression in 2022, it is proved that Ukrainian law enforcement officers together with the Armed Forces of Ukraine defiantly repel the criminal Russian attack, defending the life and health of the Ukrainians, protecting territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine.
It is stated that one of the important factors in the organizational and legal support of the police during the war is the concern of state authorities to improve their financial situation.
It is proved that the main principles of the police reform concept should correspond to the real state of its resources, broad cooperation between security and defence forces, as well as finding ways to protect the rights and freedoms of the citizens, the society and the state.
1. Torop, O. (2020). Chomu reforma Natspolitsii letyt u prirvu i do choho tut Avakov. [Why the reform of the National Police is flying into the abyss and what Avakov has to do with it]. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/features-53005046. [in Ukrainian].
2. Zakharov, Ye. (2017). Reformuvannia orhaniv vnutrishnikh sprav ta prava liudyny: doslidzhennia Kharkivskoi pravozakhysnoi hrupy. [Reforming Internal Affairs and Human Rights bodies: a study of the Kharkiv Human Rights group]. Retrieved from: https://helsinki.org.ua/mvs-ta-prava-lyudyny-e-zaharov/. [in Ukrainian].
3. Pro zatverdzhennia Polozhennia pro pidrozdily politsii osoblyvoho pryznachennia: nakaz MVS vid 04.12.2017 № 987.(2017). [On approval of the Regulations on special police units: order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs dated 04.12.2017 No987. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1565-17/print. [in Ukrainian].
4. Batalion "Dnipro" rozrissia do polku. (2014). [The Dnipro battalion grew into a regiment]. Retrieved from: https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/ 2014/ 09/23/7038686/. [in Ukrainian].
5. Pro osnovni zasady zabezpechennia kiberbezpeky Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 5 zhovtnia 2017 r. № 2163-VIII. (2017). (2017). [On the basic principles of cybersecurity of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine dated October 5, 2017 No 2163-VIII]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2163-19#top. [in Ukrainian].
6. Pro poperednii zvit pro kontrol za vykonanniam Zakonu Ukrainu “Pro osnovni zasady kiberbezpeky v Ukraini”. (2017). [On the preliminary report on monitoring theimplementation of the Law of Ukraine “On Basic Principles of CyberSecurity in Ukraine”]. Retrieved from: file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Report_on_Cybersecurity_02.pdf. [in Ukrainian].
7. Pro zatverdzhennia Polozhennia pro Departament kiberpolitsii Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy: nakaz Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy vid 10 lystopada 2015 № 85. (2015). [On approval of the Regulation on the Cyber Police Department of the National Police of Ukraine: order of the National Police of Ukraine dated November 10, 2015 No85]. [in Ukrainian].
8. Kiberpolitseiski Vinnychchyny vykryly zlochynnu khakersku hrupu, yaka zdiisniuvala fishynhovi ataky na inozemni banky. (2022). [Cyber police of Vinnytsia region exposed a criminal hacker group that carried out phishing attacks on foreign banks]. Retrieved from: https://www.npu.gov.ua/news/kiberzlochini/kiberpoliczejski-vinnichchini-vikrili-zlochinnu-xakersku-grupu-yaka-zdijsnyuvala-fishingovi-ataki-na-inozemni-banki/[in Ukrainian].
9. Kiberbezpeka: vrazlyvi momenty. (2019). [Cybersecurity: vulnerabilities]. Retrieved from: https://yur-gazeta.com/publications/practice/inshe/ kiberbezpeka-vrazlivi-momenti.html. [in Ukrainian].
10. Rosiiske vtorhnennia v Ukrainu. (2022). [Russian invasion of Ukraine]. Retrieved from: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0% D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%83_(2022). [in Ukrainian].
11. Zbytky vid viiny dlia Ukrainy za tyzhden zrosly na 3,5 miliarda dolariv – KShE. (2022). [The losses from the war for Ukraine for the week increased by $ 3.5 billion - CSE]. Retrieved from: https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2022/03/25/684665/. [in Ukrainian].
12. 225 ukrainskykh ditei vbyti armiieiu RF z pochatku vtorhnennia – dani yuvenalnykh prokuroriv. (2022). [225 Ukrainian children have been killed by the Russian army since the beginning of the invasion - according to juvenile prosecutors]. Retrieved from: https://kanaldom.tv/225-ukrainskih-detej-ubity-armiej-rf-s-nachala-vtorzheniya-dannye- yuvenalnyh-prokurorov/. [in Ukrainian].
13. Ahresiia proty Ukrainy: Rezoliutsiia Henasamblei OON.(2022). [Aggression against Ukraine: UN General Assembly Resolution]. Retrieved from: https://www. ukrinform. ua/amp/rubric-world/3418304-agresia-proti-ukraini-rezolucia-genasamblei-oon.html. [in Ukrainian].
14. Za chas viiny politsiia zatrymala bilshe tysiachi maroderiv. (2022). [During the war, police detained more than a thousand looters]. Retrieved from: https:// www. pravda. com.ua/news/2022/04/26/7342193/. [in Ukrainian].
15. Na Kyivshchyni 114 hromadian otrymaly pidozru u maroderstvi. (2022). [In Kyiv region, 114 citizens were suspected of looting]. Retrieved from: https://cripo.com.ua/ news/ crime/na-kiyivshhini-114-gromadyan-otrimali-pidozru-u-maroderstvi/. [in Ukrainian].
16. Pro zatverdzhennia Instruktsii pro povodzhennia z vybukhovymy materialamy v orhanakh i pidrozdilakh Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy ta pidrozdilakh Ekspertnoi sluzhby Ministerstva vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy: nakaz MVS vid 19.08.2019 № 691. (2019). [On approval of the Instruction on the handling of explosives in the bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine and units of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine: order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs dated 19.08.2019 No 691]. Retrieved from: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1081-19#Text. [in Ukrainian].
17. Vybukhotekhniky prodovzhuiut shchodnia zneshkodzhuvaty nerozirvani boieprypasy. (2022). [Explosive experts continue to dispose of unexploded ordnance on a daily basis]. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJvpI_YjOJk. [in Ukrainian].
18. U Lvovi pravookhorontsi zatrymaly zlovmysnykiv za pidozroiu u torhivli humanitarnoiu dopomohoiu. (2022). [In Lviv, law enforcement officers detained criminals on suspicion of trafficking in humanitarian aid]. Retrieved from: https://4studio.com.ua/my-peremozhemo/u-lvovi-pravoohorontsi-zatrymaly-zlovmys nykiv- za-pidozroyu-u-torgivli-gumanitarnoyu-dopomogoyu-foto-video/. [in Ukrainian].
19. Onovlennia 2 travnia 2022 roku: dani z 24 sichnia po 23 kvitnia. (2022). [Update May 2, 2022: Data from January 24 to April 23]. Retrieved from: https://www.ifw-kiel.de/topics/war-against-ukraine/ukraine-support-tracker/. [in Ukrainian].
20. Terminatory bez "mozghiv": chomu armiia robotiv Shoihu ne dopomozhe Rosii. (2022). [Terminators without "brains": why Shoigu's army of robots will not help Russia]. Retrieved from: https://focus.ua/uk/digital/515356-terminatory-bez-mozgov-pochemu-armiya-robotov-shoygu-ne-pomo zhet-rossii. [in Ukrainian].
21. Ofitser rozvidky upravlinnia polku "Azov" Illia Samoilenko rozpoviv. (2022). [Ilya Samoilenko, an intelligence officer of the Azov Regiment said]. Retrieved from: https://espreso.tv/mi-zablokuvali-blizko-7-brigad-protivnika-15-tisyach-vorogiv-mayzhe-vsi-sili-rf-viikhali-ofitser-shtabu-zakhisnikiv-azovstali. [in Ukrainian].
22. Vlada rokamy zavazhala nam hotuvatysia do oborony Ukrainy ta do oborony Mariupolia, - ofitser shtabu zakhysnykiv Azovstali. (2022). [For years, the authorities prevented us from preparing for the defense of Ukraine and the defense of Mariupol, - the officer of the Azovstal defenders' staff]. Retrieved from: https://espreso.tv/vlada-rokami-zavazhala-nam-gotuvatisya-do-oboroni-ukraini-ta-do-oboroni-mariupolya-ofitser-shtabu-zakhisnikiv-azovstali. [in Ukrainian].
23. Pro utvorennia viiskovykh administratsii: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 24 liutoho 2022 roku №68/2022. (2022). [On the establishment of military administrations: Decree of the President of Ukraine dated February 24, 2022 No68/2022]. Retrieved from: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/682022-41405. [in Ukrainian].
24. Pro vnesennia zmin do zakoniv Ukrainy “Pro Natsionalnu politsiiu” ta “Pro Dystsyplinarnyi statut Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy” z metoiu optymizatsii diialnosti politsii, u tomu chysli pid chas dii voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 15 bereznia 2022 roku № 2123-IX. (2022). [On Amendments to the Laws of Ukraine “On the National Police” and “On the Disciplinary Statute of the National Police of Ukraine” in order to optimize police activities, including during martial law: Law of Ukraine dated March 15, 2022 No 2123-IX]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2123-20#Text. [in Ukrainian].
25. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakoniv Ukrainy shchodo prysvoiennia spetsialnykh zvan politsii pid chas dii voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 24 bereznia 2022 roku № 2151-IX. (2022). [On Amendments to certain Laws of Ukraine concerning the assignment of special police ranks during martial law: Law of Ukraine dated March 24, 2022 No2151-IX]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2151-20#Text. [in Ukrainian].
26.Pytannia deiakykh vyplat viiskovosluzhbovtsiam, osobam riadovoho i nachalnytskoho skladu, politseiskym ta yikh simiam pid chas dii voiennoho stanu: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 28 liutoho 2022 r. № 168. (2022). [Issues of some payments to military servicemen, privates and officers, police officers and their families during martial law: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated February 28, 2022 No168]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/168-2022-%D0%BF#Text. [in Ukrainian].