adsorption

Adsorption of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds from aqueous solutions on Mn(III), Pb(IV), V(V) oxides and activated carbon under static conditions has been studied. The energies of occupied and unoccupied orbitals have been used as correlation parameters between the electronic and adsorptive properties of organic molecules. Frontier-controlled adsorptive mechanism is postulated for interpretation of the observed correlations for the specific adsorption of organic compounds on low-bandgap adsorbents.

Using surface tension measurements, solubilization, and fluorescence spectroscopy, polyesters based on aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and PEG-1000 have been shown to form monomolecular micelles in aqueous solutions at the concentrations of 10-7–10-4 %. With increasing concentration, the monomolecular micelles have been revealed to aggregate to afford polymolecular micelles. The amphiphilic polyesters have been demonstrated to possess invertibility and thus respond to the change in a medium polarity as well as adsorb at hydrophilic and hydrophobized dispersed silica surface.

Water sorption purification from ammonium pollution has been investigated. The sorption ability of natural clay sorbents has been characterized. The isotherms of ammonium ions adsorption by natural zeolites, palyhorskyties and glauconites were plotted. It was established that water purification from ammonium ions mainly corresponds to the model of surface diffusion at non-linear isotherm.

Polymeric resins were synthesized by suspension polymerization on a pilot scale and packed in an acrylic column for use in a semi-industrial elution system, to study their behavior as adsorbents of oily water. The performance in removing benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) was greater than 95.9 %, and the efficiency in retaining polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) remained near 96.3 %.  

In this thesis the features of rheological behavior of ultrasonic-activated water dispersions of montmorillonite in the presence of surfactants of anionic and non-ionic type are considered. It was determined that the strength of coagulation structure changes depending on the type of surfactant.

The process of heavy metals adsorption by natural mineral palygorskite from wastewater and food (apple juice) has been investigated. The purification processes of copper, cadmium, lead, mercury and zinc have been studied. The rational technological parameters of these processes have been determined. The mechanism for heavy metals adsorbtion from juice by palygorskite has been defined.

The adsorption of cephalexin (CFX) onto walnut shell-based activated carbon (AC) was investigated. The mass transfer coefficients were calculated by employing constant wave propagation theory. The effect of different conditions on the mass transfer coefficient was also studied. In addition, three models to predict the mass transfer coefficient were developed.

The mechanism of phosphates sorption process on clinoptilolite was determined. The significant increase in zeolite sorption capacity was observed while interaction of zeolite and wastewaters with acid reaction. New active centers of zeolite are formed due to disalumination of its surface.