modifier

The influence of the nature of modifiers of different natures on the properties of epoxy resin is investigated. The influence of modifiers, in particular starch, epoxidized soybean oil, and polyvinyl butyral, on the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy composites is determined. The influence of the nature of the modifier on the thermophysical properties of modified epoxy resins is determined. It is found that both chemical and physical processes in the component system have a significant influence on the nature of thermomechanical dependencies.

Modifying road bitumen of the BND 70/100 brand with humic acids was carried out. In particular, the influence of the duration of the process and the amount of addition on the quality characteristics of the binder was studied. It was established that humic acids negatively affect the plastic properties of bitumen (deteriorate the softening temperature, penetration, and ductility), positively affect its elasticity, and have practically no effect on the ability of the binder to adhere to the surface of the mineral material.

The characteristics of initial crudes of Yablunivske field (Poltava, Ukraine) and the properties of blended crudes have been examined to select the ways of their further processing. The crude oils were found to be heavy high-sulfuric oils without light distillates. The possibility of obtaining paving bitumen from blended crudes under study has been considered. Distilled bitumen obtained through distillation of this blend was found to meet the requirements for commercial paving bitumen 100/150.

The possibility of effectively using carbazole as an improver of coumarone-indene resin for use as a modifier of petroleum bitumens is studied. All starting materials for the production of coumarone-indene-carbazole resin (CICR) were obtained from various products of the coal coking process. The influence of raw material composition (amount of carbazole added to an industrial indene-coumarone fraction) on resin yield and its modifying properties was studied.

A narrow coumarone-indene fraction was obtained from liquid coal coking products. Based on this fraction and carbazole's presence, coumarone-indene-carbazole resin (CICR), a new type of kooligomers, was synthesized by ionic polymerization, which is proposed to be used as an adhesive modifier of road oil bitumens. The influence of temperature on the process of CICR synthesis, its quality, and characteristics of bitumen modified by it were studied.

The influence of Ni-containing polymer-silicate filler on the technological properties of polypropylene is presented. It was found that the introduction of silicate fillers modified by polyvinyl alcohol change the flow patterns of polypropylene melts, in particular viscosity increases and anomalous viscosity shifts. The change of thermomechanical curves of polypropylene under the action of modified silicate fillers is shown.

The effect of factors on the process of obtaining phenol-cresol-formaldehyde resin (PhCR-F) has been studied. By using empirical evidence, the adequate experimental statistical-mathematical (ESM) model has been developed. Based on this model, the optimal values of the process factors for obtaining PhCR-F have been identified, bringing about both high yield and softening point of the resin. Data predicted on the basis of the ESM model were compared with empirical evidence about PhCR-F preparation.

The phenol-cresol-formaldehyde resin (PhCR-F) obtained from phenolic fraction of coal tar has been synthesized via the polycondensation method of “raw” phenols with formaldehyde. The modification of road bitumen by this resin was carried out. PhCR-F in different concentrations was found to be effectively used as a modifier of road bitumen. It was shown that PhCR-F is an effective adhesive additive for road bitumen. The structural types of the oxidized and modified bitumen were determined according to the group-chemical composition and calculated criteria.

The physicochemical properties of surface of the metal-containing polymer-silicate composites, which have been obtained due to compatible precipitation of water-soluble polymers and silicates under the influence of metal chlorides, such as specific surface area, the number of active centers, moisture absorption, sorption ability were studied.