держава

The article defines that the managerial elite plays an important role in the formation and development of the state in general, because it combines the functions of power with a significant material base and endowed with managerial capabilities. Thus, it is determined that the development of the state or its decline depends on the correctness of the action, as a result of which its key problems of activity, influence on the development of the country's processes are defined below, as a result of which key principles.

The article thoroughly and comprehensively explores the essence, historical and legal aspects of formation, evolution, content and basic elements of the principles of law based on the study of legal theory and legal practice, reveals the importance of law for the formation of legal worldview and implementation of rule-making and rule-making practice.

The article deals with some historical periods of creation, development and formation of
a human rights institute. The basic ideas of the most outstanding philosophers of this period
are investigated. From the time of Ancient Greece, the concept of human rights, which is
reflected in the philosophical thought of philosophers of this period, began to emerge. The
perception of the place of the person in state and social life has changed. Philosophers such as
Heraclitus, Plato, and Aristotle laid the cornerstones in creating this phenomenon in antiquity.

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of the legal category “civil society”. Civil society as a philosophical and legal category is explored in two dimensions: phenomenal (practical) and abstract-conceptual. In the phenomenal  context, the category is regarded as a characteristic phenomenon of the modern society, which is a living substance, which by its very nature is inflexible and in a state of permanent development.

In the article on the basis of the current national legislation taking into account modern challenges, an innovative model of higher education institution in Ukraine is outlined.

The issue of the place and role of the bar in the state and society is updated, and the essential characteristic of this human rights institute is highlighted. The structural elements by which the independence of the legal profession are distinguished. The problems of realization of the principle of independence in the process of the lawyer’s performance of his/her professional duties are analyzed.

On  the  basis  of  the  latest  scientific  research,  the  philosophical  and  legal  concept  of  the 
definition  of  «civil  society»  is  thoroughly  analyzed,  Modern  approaches  to  understanding  the 
concept  are  systematized.  There  searchis  based  on  the  scholarly  views  of  prominent 
philosophers,  as  well  as  the  author’s  own  approach  and  conclusions  about  there  search 
problem.
The  research  is  based  on  the  scientific  views  of  significant  philosophers,  as  well  as  the 

Theoretical understanding and philosophical comprehension of all legal phenomena
began with the traditional division of the right to positive and natural, so they are considered
as certain antipodes in the general consciousness, which, however, are the most practical and
significant types of legal thinking. We managed to trace the fact that it was the intensive
development of humanistic ideas in the context of new political and economic trends that led to
the emergence of the doctrine of “natural human rights”. Increasingly, among the general

An important problem – legal mechanism of realization of basic function of department
judicial of justice is considered In the article. A role of other functions of department judicial is
in providing of realization of justice. Argued, constitutional legal nature of justice which
confirms its exceptional nature among the functions of department judicial.

Проаналізовано наукові погляди великого німецького мислителя Гегеля щодо
діалектики взаємозв’язку і взаємовідносин держави і християнської релігії. У своїй
роботі «Філософія права» німецький філософ глибоко і всебічно розкриває роль і місце
не тільки держави в розвитку і функціонуванні суспільства, але й християнської релігії
як важливого інституту у формуванні духовності і високої моралі в суспільстві.