mathematical model

Synchronous machines with permanent magnets (SMPM) have become widely used in modern electric drives and generator sets due to their combination of high energy efficiency, compact size and reliability. They are characterised by increased specific power, no losses in excitation circuits and reduced energy consumption. At the same time, the fixed magnetic flux created by permanent magnets imposes specific requirements on mathematical modelling, especially when developing control algorithms and researching operating modes.

The aim of the research is the mathematical analysis of quantum superdense coding based on quantum entanglement to increase the efficiency and reliability of information transmission in quantum communication systems. The essence of quantum superdense coding is the ability to transmit two classical bits of information using one qubit, which is part of an entangled pair.

The main purpose of system-oriented measuring instruments (MI) is to ensure automated collection, processing, analysis and transmission of measurement data as part of complex information and measurement systems. Such MI are used in automated production systems, intelligent measuring systems, in the control of technological processes and in conducting scientific research, etc. The main properties of system-oriented MI are provided by a combination of modern hardware, powerful digital processing algorithms and integration into automated systems.

A review of publications devoted to the mathematical simulation of the nanofiltration process was carried out, the advantages, limitations, and areas of application of various modeling approaches were determined. It was found that the most effective approaches are based on the extended Nernst-Planck equation, Donnan equilibrium, as well as methods of computational fluid dynamics and molecular dynamics. The use of software for solving nanofiltration simulation problems was considered.

The use of multi-winding or multi-phase synchronous machines makes it possible to improve electromagnetic compatibility with the power supply, ensure better operation in the case of faults in separate power channels, and improve the quality of electromagnetic torque in systems with semiconductor converters. The magnetic flux in hybrid-excited synchronous machines is formed by means of permanent magnets and an excitation winding. Such machines combine the advantages of permanent magnet synchronous machines with the ability to regulate the magnetic flux.

At present, distributed control and management systems are becoming increasingly complex, with the number of Internet of Things devices and wireless sensors steadily growing. All of them require the development and improvement of simple and efficient devices for performing computational operations near sensors in real time.