penetration

The study results of the process obtaining of petroleum bitumen with improved quality indicators are described. The method of mixing the tar of paraffinic oils with the residue and the distillation of Orkhiv oil with subsequent oxidation of this mixture was used. To conduct the research, tar extracted from Western Ukrainian paraffinic oils was used. The influence of temperature, oxidation duration and air consumption on the operational properties of oxidized petroleum bitumens were determined.

The chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde as 37% aqueous solutionhas been studied in the presence of the catalysts. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and acid tar were used as the catalysts. The effect of the catalyst nature and amount, as well as temperature, process time and initial components ratio on the softening point, penetration, brittle point and adhesion to crushed stone has been determined. The structure of the modified tars was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The structural-group composition was determined.

The problem of permanent and prolonged pollution of soils by various kinds of pollutants, in particular heavy metals, was analyzed. Experimental investigations of penetration of copper sulfate into a vertical soil profile have been carried out. The adsorption capacity of the sandy environment of copper sulfate
was experimentally determined.

This paper comprises information about penetration testing methodology, its methods and ways of implementation. The current free and open-source software has been analyzed. It has been done the example of penetration testing in academic field for studying purposes on the base of Kali Linux and Metasploitable2 Linux. This tests and techniques purpose proactive methods of defense and must help to improve security of computer systems and corporate networks.

The new method determination parameters hardening of portland cement is offered in the article.

The problem of penetration of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil is analyzed. The influence of adsorption process on the rate of transfer of fertilizers in the vertical profile of the soil is determined. Experimental researches of adsorption properties of soil environment on the base of absorption of calcium nitrate by soil are done. Проаналізовано проблему проникнення азотних добрив вглиб ґрунту. Визначено вплив процесу адсорбції на швидкість перенесення добрив по вертикальному профілю ґрунту.

One of the major problems of pollution of soil environment, namely by components of mineral fertilizers due to their massive and continuous use in agriculture was analysed in the article. Possible ways of penetration of not absorbed mineral fertilizers deep into the soil as the main reason for getting fertilizers in the lower layers of the soil environment were investigated. A comparison of the impact of soil and climatic conditions on the rate of penetration of fertilizers deep into the soil was done.

The crosslinked copolymers of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate with polyvinylpyrrolidone as granules and membranes have been synthesized and their penetration and sorption-desorption properties have been investigated. The model of mass-transfer from the solid soluble surface through the hydrogel shell has been suggested. The developed materials are able to create encapsulated and granular polymer forms of drugs prolonged release.

The tar oxidation process has been studied at 523 K, air flow rate of 2.0; 2.5 and 5.0 h-1 and process time of 6, 9 and 12 h in the presence of 2.5; 5.0 and 7.5 mas % (to calculate for the raw material)of petroleum resin with fluorine atoms. The tar is the residue of black oil vacuum distillation obtained from the oils of Western-Ukrainian fields. The effect of process conditions on the characteristics of obtained bitumen has been determined. The structural-group composition of blown bitumen has been examined.

Polymerization of hydrophobic vinyl monomers in polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solutions has been investigated under ultrasonic treatment. The effect of ultrasound on the destruction of water-soluble polymeric matrices has been examined. The obtaining mechanism of block- and grafted copolymers of vinyl monomers with polyvinylpyrrolidone has been proposed. The copolymers have been synthesized as films and their main properties, physico-mechanical and sorption-diffusive, in particular, have been investigated.